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Draco's code allowed the rich political power, control of the poor and, control of the land. Preserved by Aristotle in: The Athenian Constitution
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Solon becomes archon and rewrites Draco's code. These laws covered a wide range of subjects including adultery, inheritance, and theft.
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Pythagoras the sophist was born
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Peisistratus, a tyrant of Athens, came to power. Later his two sons (also tyrants) would rule.
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Peisistratus the tyrant seized the Accropolis. Peisistratus was formally a well known Greek statesman.
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Alcmaeonids were a powerful family that lived in Athens. They were exiled when Peisistratus came to power.
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Hipparchus and Hippias the tyrants (sosn of Peisistratos the tyrant) come into power.
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525 - 524
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Hippias was another tyrant of Athens. Cleisthenes, an Alcmaeonid, used connection with the oracle of Delphi to convince Sparta to help overthrow Hippias.
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Cleisthenes allies with popular assembly against nobles.
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Isagoras becomes Archon and manages to exile Cleisthenes.
Isagoras exiles hundreds of Athenians and tries to get rid of the Boule. However the council resisted and Isagoras was thrown out of the acropolis and banished. Cleisthenes returns and introduces a dramatic reform. -
Anaxagoras the sophist
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A series of conflicts between Persia and Greek states.
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First invasion of Greece by the Persians
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Greek victory with Persia driven out of Greece for ten years
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Archons first appointed by lot rather than by the Ecclesia.
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Cleisthenes introduces ostracism which meant being exiled for ten years.
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Gorgias the sophist
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Second invasion of Greece and Athens evacuated. Persians burn the Acropolis.
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Athens defeat Persians at naval battle of Salamis
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Greeks defeat Persian army at the Battle of Plataea and end the invasion of Greece.
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Pericles will be in power until 429.
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Thrasymachus the sophist
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"It was decreed, on a motion of Pericles, that a person should not have the rights of citizenship unless both of his parents had been citizens"
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The so called golden age of Athens is usually dated around 449 to 431. This time frame was between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars.
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Construction begins on Acropolis and Parthenon led by Pericles
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Thirty-year peace treaty signed between Athens and Sparta
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Milesians came to Athens with loud complaints against the Samians. Samos revolted and battled against Athens. Samos surrendered.
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Situation serious enough to put finances on war basis.
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Sparta declares that Athens has broken the Thirty Year Peace and prepares for war.
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Devastated Athens during the Peloponnesian war. Plague returned several times (429 and 427/426)
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430/429
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Represented the 'commercial class'
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Plague returns to Athens
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War between the Greeks and the Spartans
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Plague returns to Athens again 427/426
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Chaerephon visited oracle at Delphi
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During the Battle of Sphacteria ( a land battle), the Greeks defeated the Spartans
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Aristophanes writes clouds for the first time
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Athens surrenders to Sparta and then Sparta was the ruling state of Greece.
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Socrates put on trial and executed for his 'crimes' against the state and the gods.
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Plato writes some of the last days of Socrates
