Civil War Timeline - Isabella Milne

  • Buchanan Fires his Cabinet

    Buchanan Fires his Cabinet

    In 1860 Buchanan fired the majority of his cabinet members. He did this just before the upcoming election.
  • Covode Committee

    Covode Committee

    This committee was put together to investigate possible wrongdoings in the U.S. government. They looked into possible corruptions made by President James Buchanan.
  • Buchanan Investigated for Impeachment

    Buchanan Investigated for Impeachment

    The Covode Committee was sent to investigate a possible impeachment of President Buchanan. He would be tried for bribery and extortion of representatives, however he was not found guilty nor was he impeached.
  • Henry Rifle Designed

    Henry Rifle Designed

    This rifle was designed by Benjamin Tyler Henry in 1860. It was originally a sixteen-shot .44 caliber rim fire breech-loading lever-action rifle. It was used through the Civil War.
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    Civil War Timeline - Izzy Milne

  • Pony Express

    Pony Express

    The Pony Express was a horseback mail delivery service. It worked through a relay in St. Joseph, Sacramento, and from Sacramento to San Francisco. It was a 2,000 mile route that delivered mail and news in about 10 days.
  • First Secession Convention

    First Secession Convention

    The first Secession Convention is held in Columbia, South Carolina.
  • Lincoln is elected president

    Lincoln is elected president

    On November 6, 1860 Abraham Lincoln is elected to be the 16th president of the United States. This election lead to the first state of the Confederacy to seceed.
  • The First Flag

    The First Flag

    The first flag of independence is raised by the south. The citizens of Savannah, Georgia raised this flag in representation of their separation from the Union.
  • Crittenden Compromise

    Crittenden Compromise

    The Crittenden Compromise was 6 articles written by 74 year old slaveholder John J. Crittenden. These articles which he submitted to congress said that slavery could not be abolished, but it also instated a balance of power between south and north.
  • South Carolina Secedes from the Union

    South Carolina Secedes from the Union

    Following the election of Abraham Lincoln South Carolina withdrew themselves from the United States. They were the first southern state to succeed.
  • Anaconda Plan

    Anaconda Plan

    This was a military plan consisting of 3 major points. First they would create a naval blockade through southern ports, take control of the Mississippi, and then ambush and surround the Confederates.
  • MS, Fl, Al, LA and GA  Succeeds

    MS, Fl, Al, LA and GA Succeeds

    Mississippi becomes the second slave state to succeed from the Union and join the confederacy. Mississippi is followed by Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas, all within the month of January
  • Texas Succeeds

    Texas Succeeds

    After replacing their old Senator Sam Houston who would not allow them to pledge allegiance to the confederacy, Texas was able to finally succeed. They became the seventh state to succeed.
  • CSA was Formed

    CSA was Formed

    The Confederate States of America were separated from the Union and formed their own Confederacy. The CSA was made up out of 7 slave states including: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
  • Confederate Army is formed

    Confederate Army is formed

    Shortly after the CSA is formed, they put together their army. The Provisional Confederate Congress established a provisional volunteer army for confederate citizens.
  • Fort Sumter

    Fort Sumter

    This was the first encounter of the Civil War. The Confederates attacked the Union at Fort Sumter, South Carolina.
  • Virginia Succeeds

    Virginia Succeeds

    Virginia was 8th state to succeed and join the confederacy. Virginia was the first of the states to succeed from the union after the start of the Civil War.
  • AK, TN and NC Succeed

    AK, TN and NC Succeed

    These three were the final three states to succeed from the Union. These three complete the Confederate States of America. They succeeded between the dates of May 6th and June 8th of 1861.
  • 1st Battle of Bull Run

    1st Battle of Bull Run

    This battle was the first major land battle of the Civil War. It took place in Mananas, Virginia. The Union took this battle on an offensive front attacking from Washington D.C.
  • Lincoln meets with McClellan

    Lincoln meets with McClellan

    Mclellan who was named General in Chief of the Union army was visited late at night by Lincoln where they had a serious discussion about the plans for the war in the future. This is where he first he first began to disregard Lincoln.
  • The Battle of Monitor and Merrimack

    The Battle of Monitor and Merrimack

    This battle was a naval encounter and took place on the James River. It is recognized as the first fight between ironclad warships in history. Monitor was the Union ship which ultimately defeated the Merrimack which was the confederate ship.
  • Battle of Shiloh

    Battle of Shiloh

    This battle left the Union victorious as they were able to infiltrate the confederates interior. This crushed Confederate hopes of keeping the Union from taking over the Mississippi.
  • Battle of New Orleans

    Battle of New Orleans

    This was an attempt by the Union to capture the city of New Orleans through a naval attack. The union ended up gaining control resulting in a detrimental loss for the Confederacy.
  • The Seven Days Battle

    The Seven Days Battle

    This was a series of battles going back and forth between Lee and McClellan, all working towards the capture of Richmond, VA by the Union. After McClellan withdrew his army, the battle was eventually won by the Confederates.
  • Second Battle of Bull Run

    Second Battle of Bull Run

    This was the second time both forces met at Bull Run. Because McClellan was so slow, Lee was given the opportunity to strike first. This was a battle between Pope and Lee but in the end the south prevailed.
  • Battle of Richmond

    Battle of Richmond

    The Battle of Richmond was entirely a Confederate victory. This battle took place in Kentucky between General Patrick Cleburne and Maj. Gen. William Nelson.
  • Harper's Ferry Battle

    Harper's Ferry Battle

    This battle was a plan set in place by General Robert E. Lee. He wanted to attack and capture the Union garrison. He split his men up and put some under Stonewall Jackson and marched the rest to Maryland. Stonewall's men attacked in a way that proved beneficial for them as this terrain was nearly impossible to defend. The result was a confederate victory.
  • Antietam

    Antietam

    Antietam was the bloodiest single day battle of the Civil War. This battle showed that the Union stood a chance against the confederacy, but they also showed their weakness with McClellan's subpar approach.
  • McLellan was Fired!

    McLellan was Fired!

    After many disregarded opportunities and casualties costed by George McClellan Abraham Lincoln was done. He and McClellan had weeks of aggravated conversations back and forth before he finally decided McClellan was no longer fit to be general when he didn't march on Lee.
  • Battle of Fredericksburg

    Battle of Fredericksburg

    This was the biggest battle of the civil war consisting of over 200,000 soldiers. This battle was also the first battle of the Civil War to happen with opposed river crossing. It was also American soldiers first experience of Urban combat. In the end, the confederates won.
  • Emancipation Proclomation

    Emancipation Proclomation

    The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Abraham Lincoln in the midst of the Civil War stating that all slaves in the south would now be free people.
  • First Conscription Act is Passed

    First Conscription Act is Passed

    The first conscription act was passed with the intent of drafting men ages 20 to 45 into the Civil War. One could pay $300 or find a replacement in order to not be drafted. This was the first time a draft happened in American history. Conscription was heavily opposed.
  • Battle of Chancellorsville

    Battle of Chancellorsville

    The battle of Chancellorsville was a huge win for the confederacy. It was general Lee's most tactical success as he split his army in half to fight off two armies double there sizes. Ultimately this was also the battle that fatally wounded Stonewall Jackson.
  • Stonewall Jackson Dies

    Stonewall Jackson Dies

    A week after his own men accidentally shot him during the battle of Chancellorsville, Stonewall contracted pneumonia and eventually died from it.
  • Siege of Vicksburg

    Siege of Vicksburg

    This battle was decided to be a Union victory as they successfully split the Confederacy. For the Union securing this point completed step 2 of their Anaconda plan getting themselves control of the Mississippi.
  • West Virginia is Created

    West Virginia is Created

    A lot of western parts of Virginia did not want to succeed with the rest of Virginia, so they separated themselves into a new state. West Virginia is admitted into the Union in June of 1863.
  • Battle of Gettysburg

    Battle of Gettysburg

    The Battle of Gettysburg is known as the turning point of the war. This was when the power in the war shifted to the Union, and General Lee's invasion of the north was stopped.
  • The Gettysburg Adress

    The Gettysburg Adress

    The Gettysburg Address was a speech given by Abraham Lincoln in wake of the Battle of Gettysburg. This speech urged the people of both the Union and the Confederacy to put aside their differences and come together to unite as a country once again.
  • Battles of Chattanooga

    Battles of Chattanooga

    The Battles of Chattanooga were a series of battles that were won by the Union. The Union battled through Tennessee pushing the Confederates all the way back to Georgia.
  • Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction

    Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction

    This Proclamation stated Lincoln's plans for reconstruction after the war would eventually end. It covered the rebuilding of not only property but also politics.
  • Andersonville War Prisons

    Andersonville War Prisons

    Andersonville, established in 1864 was one of the worst war camp prisons of the Civil War. It was a Confederate camp and had some of the most unhealthy conditions as well as the highest death rates.
  • Grant is put in Charge

    Grant is put in Charge

    in March of 1864 Ulysses S Grant was made Lieutenant General and was put in command of the entire US army. He planned to immobilize Lee's army at Richmond which he succeeded in doing.
  • Battles of Atlanta

    Battles of Atlanta

    The battles of Atlanta was a campaign starting in early May of 1864 and lasting for a few months. This campaign included the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain which was a Confederate win but inevitably Atlanta was surrendered to the Union.
  • Battles of Cold Harbor

    Battles of Cold Harbor

    The battles of Cold Harbor were two battles, the first one in North Virginia and the second at Bethesda Church. This was the last big win for Robert E. Lee in the Civil War.
  • Shenandoah Valley Campaign

    Shenandoah Valley Campaign

    This was not the first campaign in this area, however this one was started by Grant when he sent Sheridan to battle for the land and keep the south from it's agricultural benefits. The result was a Confederate victory when Grant surrendered.
  • Lincoln's Second Term

    Lincoln's Second Term

    President Lincoln is reelected for his second term in office. He ran against and beat former Union general George McClellan in this 1864 election.
  • McClellan for President!

    McClellan for President!

    Former General George McClellan is nominated to run for President against Abraham Lincoln in the 1864 election. He ran with George Pendleton in the Democratic Party but lost.
  • Sherman's March to Sea

    Sherman's March to Sea

    Sherman led troops of 60,000 Union men from Atlanta to Savannah. His goal here was to scare confederates into giving up on their confederate cause.
  • Farragut is Promoted to Vice Admiral

    Farragut is Promoted to Vice Admiral

    David Farragut, the Union naval officer was promoted to be Vice Admiral in late 1864.
  • Battle of Nashville

    Battle of Nashville

    The Battle of Nashville was fought over Confederate trenches and turned out to be a detrimental defeat for the Rebels. The Union led by General George Thomas, won and took control of this area.
  • Congress Approves the 13th Amendment

    Congress Approves the 13th Amendment

    In January of 1865, congress passed the 13th amendment to abolish slavery in America. This amendment was later ratified in December of 1865.
  • Petersburg Campaign ends

    Petersburg Campaign ends

    This was a 9 month long campaign lasting from June of 1864 to March of 1865. These battles exhibited use of trench warfare. Lee eventually retreated as Confederate supplies diminished.
  • Evacuation Sunday

    Evacuation Sunday

    After the Confederate surrender at Petersburg, President Davis ordered his troops to evacuate Richmond, a retreat south via the Richmond and Danville railroad.
  • General Lee Surrenders

    General Lee Surrenders

    Finally marking the end of the Civil War, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Courthouse.
  • Lincoln is Assasinated

    Lincoln is Assasinated

    President Abraham Lincoln was shot and killed in Ford Theater by an actor and confederate rebel named John Wilkes Booth. His assassination came only a few days after General Lee surrendered at Appomattox.
  • Johnson takes over Lincolns Position

    Johnson takes over Lincolns Position

    After Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, Andrew Johnson who was previously his Vice President, assumed the role of President. He became the 17th President of the U.S.
  • Juneteenth

    Juneteenth

    Juneteenth was the day that 250,000 slaves in Texas were given their freedom by the US army. This day marks emancipation of of many slaves after the civil war.
  • Stand Watie Surrenders

    Stand Watie Surrenders

    Stand Watie becomes the final Confederate general to surrender his command. He surrendered his unit of Confederate Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, and Osage Indians at Doaksville, near Fort Towson in Indian Territory
  • Henry Wirz + War Crimes

    Henry Wirz + War Crimes

    Henry Wirz had the most famous trial for war crimes in the civil war. He was one of many confederate soldiers found guilty and publicly executed for their crimes.
  • 13th Amendment Ratification

    13th Amendment Ratification

    Passed by congress on January 31, the 13th Amendment was ratified on December 6th. The thirteenth amendment stated that slavery would be abolished in all of America.
  • The Liberator Ends

    The Liberator Ends

    The Liberator was one of the biggest, most widely read anti-slavery Newspapers during and before the Civil War. It was published in Boston by William Lloyd Garrison, who was a white man but advocated against slavery.
  • Government Purchases Ford's Theater

    Government Purchases Ford's Theater

    In 1866 the U.S. Government bought Ford's Theater, the location of Lincoln's assassination, and turned it into a three story office building, the third floor was an Army Medical Museum.
  • Fisk University

    Fisk University

    Located in Nashville, Tennessee Fisk University was established just after the end of the Civil War. This was a primarily black University which was very rare at this point in time.
  • Texas Abolishes Slavery

    Texas Abolishes Slavery

    Texas held a Constitutional Convention where it was decided that slavery would be abolished in their new Constitution. The law stated they would abolished involuntary servitude, except as a form of punishment for crimes.
  • Civil Rights Act

    Civil Rights Act

    The Civil Rights Act which was passed in April of 1866 stated all people born in the United States were citizens, "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude."
  • Tennessee Readmitted to the Union

    Tennessee Readmitted to the Union

    Starting off as the last state to leave the Union and join the confederacy at the start of the civil war, it became the first state to reenter the Union after the end of the war.
  • Grant Becomes first 4-Star General

    Grant Becomes first 4-Star General

    After his many heroic acts in the war General Ulysses S. Grant was the first in U.S. history to become a 4-Star General. He was given the highest possible rank given in the US military.
  • National Union Convention

    National Union Convention

    The National Union Convention was a meeting of thousands of people in support of Andrew Johnson. They wanted to create a political party that could back Johnson through the upcoming election.
  • The Civil War is Over!

    The Civil War is Over!

    The Civil War was formally declared over when President Andrew Johnson signed a Proclamation of peace. This Proclamation stated there would be peace, Order, tranquility, and Civil authority in America from then on.
  • State of Union Address

    State of Union Address

    This address was written by Andrew Johnson to explain the policy he wanted to put in place to aid the states through their post war Reconstruction era.
  • The Midway Islands

    The Midway Islands

    The Midway Islands are a group of naval islands off the coast of Honolulu Hawaii. This name was given to the islands in 1867 when the US formally annexed them.
  • Impeachment of Johnson

    Impeachment of Johnson

    Congress started to look into impeaching President Johnson. Their reasoning for doing so is his acts of high crimes and misdemeanors in office. They win in a 126-47 vote and Johnson becomes the first President to ever be impeached.
  • Eads Bridge Construction

    Eads Bridge Construction

    Construction on the Eads Bridge which was the longest bridge in the world began in 1867. This was the first bridge to stretch across the Mississippi below the Missouri River.
  • Will Stanton be Removed?

    Will Stanton be Removed?

    President Andrew Johnson was not keen on Stanton who was his Secretary of War at the time. He wanted to forcibly remove him from his cabinet but the recently passed Tenure Act prevented him from being able to do so.
  • Nebraska becomes a US State

    Nebraska becomes a US State

    2 years after the end of the Civil War Nebraska is admitted into the union. This makes Nebraska the 37th state to become a part of the United States of America.
  • Tenure of Office Act

    Tenure of Office Act

    The Tenure of Office Act was a law passed that restricted presidential power to remove office holders without getting senate approval first. This act was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson but was still passed anyway.
  • The Reconstruction Acts of 1867

    The Reconstruction Acts of 1867

    The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 were acts outlining the process of readmitting southern states in America. These Acts divided the rebel states into 5 military districts where they would have to do certain things to be readmitted.
  • Jefferson Davis is Released from Prison

    Jefferson Davis is Released from Prison

    Jefferson Davis was released from prison in Fort Monroe, Virginia after 3 months of legal litigation. His bail was set for $10,000 and was paid off.
  • US Purchases Alaska

    US Purchases Alaska

    Following the civil War, the United States made the move of purchasing Alaska. Alaska was bought from Russia for approximately $7.2 million which would equate to around $125 million today.
  • African American Can Vote

    African American Can Vote

    After the passing of the 15th Amendment, African Americans were given the right to vote. The election happening on November 16, 1867 was the first election that African Americans born in the U.S. could vote in.