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a time span covering the American Civil War
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On January 5, 1860, Jefferson Davis publically expresses the fact that he is in favor of the south seceding from the Union. -
Lincoln gave a speech in Cooper Union, New York, where he expressed his views on slavery by saying that he did not wish it to be expanded into the west and claiming that the Founding Fathers would agree with that notion. -
The Pony Express was a horse-based mail system created to reduce the time between messages to travel throughout the country. It ran for 18 months from April 3, 1860 to October 26, 1861. -
The Democratic Party convention begins in Charleston, South Carolina. Both Douglas and Breckinridge considered themselves the official candidate. -
On May 6, 1860, a group of disgruntled Democrats and former Whigs came together to form the Constitutional Union party and met to discuss. They claimed to be the party of the law and took no official stance on slavery. They select John Bell as their candidate. -
On May 16, 1860, the American Republican Party met in Chicago, Illinois to discuss. The party settled on a moderate stance on slavery and said it was against its expansion. Lincoln became one of the frontrunners for the Republican presidential candidate. -
On May 18, 1860, Abraham Lincoln is selected as the official presidential candidate for the Republican Party. -
Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election. he won with 180 electoral votes and 1,865,593 popular votes. Lincoln had lots of support from the North but not so much from the South. -
The first secession convention is held in Columbia, South Carolina, to discuss the idea of seceding from the Union -
In 1860, the state of South Carolina officially withdraws from the United States of America. -
On January 9, 1861, Mississippi seceded from the Union becoming the first state to follow after South Carolina and becoming the second state to secede. -
On January 10, 1861, Florida seceded from the Union becoming the 3rd state to join the Confederacy. -
On January 11, 1861, Alabama becomes the 4th state to join the Confederacy just one day after Florida. -
On, January 19, 1861, Georgia secedes from the Union and becomes the 4th state to leave the Union. -
On January 26, 1861, Louisiana becomes the 6th state to secede from the Union. -
On, February 1, 1861, Texas secedes from the Union becoming the 7th state to secede. -
On April 12-13 1861, Fort Sumter, a Union fort in South Carolina was attacked by Confederates. This was the first major conflict of the civil war. -
On, April 17, 1861, a significant amount of time since the previous state, Virginia secedes from the Union. -
Tennessee seceded from the Union on June 8, 1861, becoming the last southern state to secede from the Union. -
On July 21, 1861, the first major battle of the Civil War took place in Prince William County, Virginia. The Confederates won the battle, but it showed the people that this war wouldn't be as easy as they thought it would be. -
General Robert E. Lee takes control of the Confederate Army in June of 1862 and helps the Confederates get an early lead. -
On February 16, 1862, the Confederates surrendered Fort Donelson, a confederate fort in Tennessee. This is where Gen. Ulysses S. Grant gained his nickname of "Unconditional Surrender". -
On February 22, 1862, Jefferson Davis was inaugurated as the President of the Confederate States of America. -
From April 6-7 1862, the Battle of Shiloh took place in Tennesse. Shiloh was important because it was a very bloody battle and it was a Union victory -
Union gunships blockade New Orleans and overtake the port city and fort causing New Orleans to be in the control of the Union Army. -
The Seven Days Battle took place from June 25 to July 1, 1862. Lee attacks the Army of the Potomac at 6 different battles over the 7-day span. -
This battle was fought on the same grounds as the year before, giving it the name of Second Bull Run. The battle was a Confederate win, causing the Union to retreat to Washington. -
The Battle of Antietam was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. The battle halted the Confederate invasion of Maryland. The Union won the battle, but there were many casualties on each side.
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On November 5, 1862, General George McClellan was removed as general of the Union army by Lincoln for having "the slows" and refusing to take action. -
This battle took place over the course of a couple of days, the battle was a Confederate win and, even though the Union severely outnumbered the Confederates they suffered almost double the casualties. -
This was a proclamation made by Abraham Lincoln saying that all slaves in the nation, including southern states, were freed. The South was not happy with this at all, and it furthered the tension of the war. -
The process of conscription, the drafting of soldiers into the military, begins in the North. The practice had been going on in the South longer. -
The Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, lasted from April 30 to May 6, 1863. It is considered General Lee's greatest victory. But, "Stonewall" Jackson is mortally wounded and dies on May 10. -
"Stonewall" Jackson, who was mortally wounded in the Battle of Chancellorsville died on May 10. Soon after, Lee asks Jefferson Davis for permission to invade the North and move the war out of Virginia. -
The North blocked off the city of Vicksburg and caused the townspeople and confederates to run out of supplies and food. The Confederates surrendered on July 3, 1863. -
The battle was in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and is considered one of the turning points of the world. The Union won the battle and it set them ahead of the Confederate side and gave them a boost in the war. The battle lasted from July 1, 1863, to July 3, 1863 -
Confederates surround the occupied city. General Ulysses S. Grant is assigned to command the troops there and begins immediate plans to relieve the trapped Union army. -
It was an address given by President Abraham Lincoln to commemorate the opening of the Gettysburg Cemetery. It is a very famous speech even today. -
The Union breaks the Confederate siege of the city in successful attacks. The most notable event is the storming of Lookout Mountain on November 24 and the Battle of Missionary Ridge the following day. The Union victory sends the Confederates south into Georgia.
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Lincoln issues the 'Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction' which states that anyone who participated in the "existing rebellion" would be pardoned if they took an oath to the Union. -
109 Union officers escaped from the notorious Libby Prison, this was the largest and most sensational escape of the war. -
The CSS H.L. Hunley, a seven-man submergible craft, attacked the USS Houstonic outside of Charleston, South Carolina. Struck by the submarine's torpedo, the Housatonic broke apart and sank. The CSS H.L.Hunley also ended up sinking. Nonetheless, the attack was successful. -
On February 27, 1864, the Camp Sumter Prison Camp, better known as the Andersonville Prison Camp, opens. This camp will be known for bad conditions and overcrowding. -
Grant is appointed as the lieutenant general, Grant takes command of all Union Armies in the field the following day. -
This was the first major battle around Atlanta, Georgia. General Hood sends his army out to defend and George Thomas sends his troops out to attack. After several hours of fierce fighting, Hood withdrew back to his own defenses. -
Confederate troops under Gen. Hood are forced to evacuate the city of Atlanta. General Sherman's army ends up occupying the city and its defenses the next day. -
This battle took place near Richmond, Virginia. It was a sweeping Union win and the fort fell to the Union army, despite Confederate attempts they were unsuccessful in getting the fort back -
President Abraham Lincoln wins the 1864 election and is reelected as president of the United States. -
General Sherman takes his troops in Georgia and begins his march to the sea as a fear tactic against the South. -
On December 10, after about a month of terrorizing the south, Sherman's army finally arrives in Savannah. They then seize fort McAllister and force the Confederates to flee the city. -
On February 1, 1865, Sherman's Army leaves Georgia and begins making its way to the Carolinas. -
While the Confederates were evacuating Charleston, Sherman and his men seized Columbia, South Carolina. -
On March 4, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated for the second time as President of the United States.
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This attack is noted as "Lee's last offensive". The Confederates briefly seize the fort, but by the time the day ends the Confederates have been defeated and the Fort is unchanged. -
General Lee abandons both Petersburg and Richmond and moves his army west. His goal is to join Confederate forces in North Carolina. -
The Civil War ended at the Appomattox Courthouse. The South surrendered to the North, meaning that the war was over in Virginia -
This battle took place in Appomattox County, Virginia. General Lee came face to face with Grant's army and was forced to surrender to him. -
Abraham Lincoln was shot during a play by John Wilks Boothe. Lincoln was taken to a house to heal where he later died. Boothe fled and was eventually caught and sentenced to death by authorities. -
The official final battle of the Civil war took place on May 5, 1865, at Palmito Ranch, Texas. This battle was a confederate victory. -
Even though Lee surrendered months earlier at Appomattox, many other generals had to surrender before the war was declared over. After these generals surrendered, it was declared that the war would officially end on June 2. -
The Southern States created a series of "Black Codes" against black Americans during the time after the civil war. Racism was even more rampant after the end of the civil war and these laws were almost a loophole to get past the proposed federal laws. -
This act provided a definition of American citizenship, the rights which come with it, and the unlawfulness to deprive any person of citizenship rights "on the basis of race, color, or prior condition of slavery or involuntary servitude" -
Over a three-day course in Memphis, Tennessee, racial violence raged across the city. Black people were being assaulted in the streets and many of them ended up dead. -
The US Government created the nickel, which was called the five-cent piece. -
The 14th amendment, which said that "all persons born in the United States" were citizens and were to be given "full and equal benefit of all laws.", was passed by Congress on June 13, 1866. Many southern states didn't pass it for many years. -
Only days after the amendment was passed, Connecticut became the first state to pass the 14th amendment. -
On July 24, 1866, Tennessee becomes the first Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union. -
Congress promoted Ulysses S. Grant to the new rank of General of the Army of the United States. He was the first person to fill this role. -
It was an act passed to create 6 regiments for black men to enlist in. The 9th and 10th Cavalry and the 38th, 39th, 40th, and 41st Infantry Regiments -
During a break from the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, a fight between armed whites and black people broke out. The riot was stopped with 38 dead. It shocked the country and caused the Republicans and northerners to take further action against the treatment of black people in America. -
On January 1, 1867, Ohio ratified the 14th amenddment, though they later repealed their support for it. -
The law was passed on January 8, 1867, even though President Andrew Johnson tried to veto it, the senate overrode it in a 29-10 vote. -
On March 1, 1867, Nebraska becomes a state making it the 37th state. -
This act sets up five military districts in the South, each under the control of a different military commander. -
It was a law passed by Congress to restrict the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of the Senate. It was passed after overriding President Johnson's veto. -
On March 23, 1867, Maryland rejected the 14th amendment, becoming one of the many states to reject this amendment. -
On May 15, 1867, Nebraska becomes one of the 28 states to ratifythe 14th amendment. -
On June 24, 1867, Congress admits Arkansas, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina into the Union because they ratified the 14th amendment. -
While the current secretary of war is suspended, Ulysses S. Grant takes over the position of secretary of war. -
On October 18, 1867, America purchased Alaska from Russia
