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Black Codes
Black codes were ment to give freed African Americans as limited rigths as legally possible. They were to make life as horrible as it could. -
Battle of Fort Sumter
The Union forces were commanded by Major Robert Anderson and the Confederate forces were lead by Brig. General Beauregard. The battle occured in Fort Sumter, South Carolina on April 12-14, 1861. There were no casualties, the confederates claimed victory, and the bombardment of Fort Sumter was the first battle in the Civil War. -
Battle of Bull Run
With the Union army consisting of 28,000 men commanded by General McDowell, and the Confederate army consisting of 33,000 men answering to General Beauregard, the first Battle of Bull Run occured. While the Union army marched towards Richmond, they ran into the Confederates coming from Manassas, Virginia, a southern base. This battle proved that it was not going to be an easy victory for the Union, losing to the confederacy. -
Battle of Hampton Roads
On March 9, the Union (John Worden) ironclad Monitor initiated the first engagement of ironclad ships in history. The two ships fought each other to a standstill, but Virginia retired. The results of this battle was inconclusive. This battle lead to the grand US navy. -
Battle of Shiloh
The Union was commanded by Major General Ulysses S. Grant and Major General Don Carlos Bue, while the Confederates were commanded by General Albert Sidney Johnston and General P.G.T. Beauregard. Confederate forces attacked the Union at Pittsburg Landing.On the second day of the battle, Grant launched a counterattack and the Confederates retreated to Corinth. The Union was victrious. -
2nd Battle of Bull Run
The Union army started with 62,000 commanded by General Pope men going into the second Battle of Bull Run. Outnumbering the Confederates with 50,000 men commanded by General Mclellan. This battle ended as a huge confederate victory. -
Battle of Antietam
The morning of September 17, 1863, General Joseph Hooker's Union corps mounted a powerful assault on Lee's army. This started the Battle of Antietam. This battle is known as the bloodiest day in American history. With the Union out numbering the Confederates, the Union claimed victory. -
Battle of Fredricksburg
On December 11, the Union, commanded by Burnside, laid five pontoon bridges across the Rappahannock under their fire. On December 12th, the Federal army crossed over. On December 13, Burnside mounted a series of frontal assaults on Prospect Hill and Marye’s Heights that resulted in staggering casualties. This battle ended in a Confederate, commanded by Robert E. Lee, victory. -
Emancipation Proclamation
This proclamation that Lincoln passed freed slaves only in states that had seceded from the Union. Slavery was untouched on border states. It also left out parts of the Confederacy that had already come under Northern control. Most important, the freedom it promised depended upon Union military victory. -
Battle of Chancellorsville
this battle is known as "Lee's Greatest Victory". 30,000 Americans were either wounded or killed in this battle,but one important person was killed. Stonewall Jackson. This five day battle marked the begining of the end for the commanders of the Army of North Virginia after Stonewalls death. Joe Hooker commanded the Union -
Siege of Vicksburg
The Union, led by U.S. Grant and the Confederates were led by Pemberton. While Grant's men spent much of June digging trenches and tunnels to get closer to the confederates, the confederate army was growing. However, they were inexperienced and poorly equipped. Although Grant had a great idea to launch several mines, inside Vicksburg, food was running low and Pemberton asked his men to surrender.On morning of July 3, white flags appeared. -
Battle of Gettysburg
On the first day Confederate (Lee) forces drove the Union (George G. Meade) defenders back through the streets to Cemetery Hill. On July 3, the Confederate infantry were driven from Culp’s Hill. On July 4, Lee began withdrawing his army toward Williamsport on the Potomac River. This was an important win for the Union. -
14th Amendment ratified
The fourteenth amendment was part of the reconstruction amendments. Having it ratified assured the rights demanded in the 14th amendment to be kept. -
Siege of Atlanta
General William T. Sherman led the North on the March to The Sea. They attacked Atlanta, Georgia. General John Bell Hood led the South. The day after the attack, the Union won the siege and occupied Atlanta which boosted the morale of the North and ended the hopes for the South. -
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
General Lee (who led the Confederates) and General Grant (who led the Union) met at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia to make the surrender official and sign papers. The confederates surrendered everything but firearms and horses. This event ended the Civil War. -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
On April 14, 1865 Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John WIlkes Booth in Ford theatre located in Washington. His assassin thought that by killing Lincoln, he would be helping the south. The south didn't like Lincoln because they thought we has trying to get rid of slavery. On January 1, 1863 he passed the Emancipation Proclamation which declared the slaves within the Confederacy, free, even though he had no authority to do anything about it. -
Ratification of the 13th Ammendment
The 13th amendment officially ended the institution of slavery. This came 8 months after the Civil War ended. When Georgia ratified it on Dec 6, slavery was officially banned through all of The United States. -
Civil Rights Act
This act was meant to protect the rights of freed slaves and give equal rights. This law got rid of black codes. Congress passed this act. -
14th Amendment approved
Amendment entitled persons born or naturalized in the U.S. to citizenship. No state would be allowed to abridge the "privileges and immunities" of citizens. No person was allowed to be deprived of life, liberty,or property without "due process of law." No person could be denied "equal protection of the laws." -
15th Amendment ratified
The 15th amenndment gave every male american citezen voting rights. The 15th amendment gave sufferage to all males regardless of color, or past slavery stat.us -
Jim Crow Laws
These laws required seperation of races in almost every public place. Segregation of public schools, public places, and public transportation, and the segregation of restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains for whites and blacks. The U.S. military was also segregated. -
Poll Taxes
Poll taxes were implimented to restrict African Americans from voting. This was a way to try and bypass the 15th amendment.