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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), interracial American organization created to work for the abolition of segregation and discrimination in housing, education, employment, voting, and transportation; to oppose racism; and to ensure African Americans their constitutional rights.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Colored-People -
Malcolm X was an African American leader in the Civil Rights Movement, minister and supporter of black nationalism. He urged his fellow Black Americans to protect themselves against white aggression, “by any means necessary” a stance that often put him at odds with the nonviolent teachings of Martin Luther King Jr.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/malcolm-x -
A civil rights legend, Dr. King faught for justice through peaceful protest and delivered some of the 20th century’s most iconic speeches.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/martin-luther-king-jr -
Letter from Birmingham Jail,” he called James Meredith, the first African American to integrate the University of Mississippi in 1962, a hero of the civil rights movement. -
Stokely Carmichael was a U.S. civil rights activist who in the 1960’s originated the black nationalism rallying slogan “Black Power” Born in Trinidad, he migrated to New York City in 1952.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/stokely-carmichael#:~:text=Stokely%20Carmichael%20was%20a%20U.S.,New%20York%20City%20in%201952. -
Founded in 1942 by an interracial group of students in Chicago, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) pioneered the use of nonviolent direct action in America’s civil rights struggle. CORE worked and guided Martin Luther King Jr in some of his acts.
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/congress-racial-equality-core -
Huey P. Newton is famous for The Militant Black Panther party. Huey P. Newton is an African American activist, best known for founding the militant black panther party along with Bobby Seale.
https://www.biography.com/activist/huey-p-newton#:~:text=Apr%201%2C%202014-,Huey%20P.,with%20Bobby%20Seale%20in%201966. -
President Harry S. Truman signed this order to end segragation in the armed forces after over 1 million African American people were inducted into the armed forces. -
Brown v. Board of Education Topeka was a case taken to sumpreme court about how that racial segregation of children in public schools is unconstituitional.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Medgar Evers was a devited husband and father, a distinguished World War II veteran and a pioneering civil rights leader. He served as the NAACP's first feild seceratary.
https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/medgar-evers -
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was inspired by the arrest of Rosa parks when she refused to move from her seat to the back of the bus for a white person. It continued to December 20, 1956.
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/montgomery-bus-boycott -
Emmit Till was a 14 year old boy who got beaten to death by two white men in 1955, he was beaten because he had whistled to a white women in a gas station, so he got abuducted, beaten, and lynched by those two men. -
Rosa Parks is a civil rights activist who got arrested and killed for not giving up her seat on a bus. She wanted rights for blacks and whites so she wanted it to be fare and didn't move when she got told to give up her seat for a white person. -
I personally think the best event was the Montgomery bus boycott because it is a huge staple in the civil rights movement. I feel this is a pretty common event most people know about because it not only showed that black people should stand up against segregation but also how powerful women are as for Rosa Park started it. This was a great way to get attention to a problem that needed to be addressed and Rosa Parks will forever be a icon for what she did as for her incident started it. -
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is a civil rights organization founded in 1957, as an offshoot of the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), which successfully staged a 381-day boycott of the Montgomery Alabama's segregated bus system. -
The Little Rock Nine became an integral part of the fight for equal opportunity in American education when they dared to challenge public school segregation by enrolling at the all-white Central High School in 1957. Their appearance and award are part of the Centennial Celebration of Women at Marquette -
Ruby Bridges is an American activist who became a symbol of the civil rights movement and who was, at age six, the youngest of a group of African American students to integrate schools in the American South. -
Greensboro Sit-in started in 1960 when young African American students staged a Sit-in at a segregated Woolworths lunch counter. They refused to leave when they were refused service. The Sit-in inspired ones all across the South. It ended on July 26, 1960.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/the-greensboro-sit-in -
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was founded in 1960 in the wake of student-led sit-ins at segregated lunch counters across the South and became the major channel of student participation in the civil rights movement. -
A angry mob of white people blocked a greyhound bus carrying white and black people through rural Alabama.The attackers pelted the vehicle with bricks and rocks, slashed tires, smashed windows with pipes and axes, and lobbed a "fire bomb" through a broken window. While people were burning inside the attackers screamed horrific things at them. Passengers were able to escape. Many more incidnets happened like this /www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-freedom-riders-then-and-now-45351758/ -
On April 3, 1963 2 movements combined with Alabamas existing movent in effort to attack the city’s segregation system by putting pressure on Birmingham’s merchants during the Easter season, the second biggest shopping season of the year. The continued until May 10.
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/birmingham-campaign -
More than 200,000 demonstrators particapated in the March on Washington for jobs and freedom in the nations capital. The march was successful in pressuring the administration of John F. Kennedy to initiate a strong federal civil rights bill in Congress. During this event, Martin Luther King delivered his memorable “I Have a Dream” speech.
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/march-washington-jobs-and-freedom -
The 16th street baptist church was a large and prominent church downtown blocks away from Birminghams commercial district. just before 11 o'clock a bomb was placed under the stairs of the church.
https://www.nps.gov/articles/16thstreetbaptist.htm -
In 1964, congress passed a law that discrimination on basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. John F. Kennedy originally asked for this law in 1963 but congress didnt approve it and put it in place until 1964. The law is also known has Law 88-352 (78 Stat. 241).
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/oasam/civil-rights-center/statutes/civil-rights-act-of-1964#:~:text=In%201964%2C%20Congress%20passed%20Public,hiring%2C%20promoting%2C%20and%20firing. -
Freedom Summer, or the Mississippi Summer Project, was a 1964 voter registration drive aimed at increasing the number of registered Black voters in Mississippi. Over 700 mostly white volunteers joined African Americans in Mississippi to fight against voter intimidation and discrimination at the polls.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-summer -
the act was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson. It outlawed the discriminatory voting practices the southern states have adopted.
https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act#:~:text=This%20act%20was%20signed%20into,as%20a%20prerequisite%20to%20voting. -
A 25-year-old activist John Lewis led over 600 marchers across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama and faced brutal attacks by oncoming state troopers.
https://www.history.com/news/selma-bloody-sunday-attack-civil-rights-movement -
John lewis fulfilled many key roles in the civil rights movement and its end to legalized racial segragation in the United States. John Lewis led over 600 marhcers in wahts called Bloody Sunday: Selma to Birmingham March.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lewis#:~:text=He%20was%20the%20chairman%20of,segregation%20in%20the%20United%20States. -
It was a revolutionary organization with an ideology of Black nationalism, socialism, and armed self-defense, particularly against police brutality. The Black Panthers were founded by Huey P Newton and Bobby Seale who met at Merritt college -
In November 1967 civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., and the staff of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) met and decided to launch a Poor People’s Campaign to highlight and find solutions to many of the problems facing the country’s poor. -
Thurgood Marshall was a civil rights lawyer who used the court to fight Jim Crow, and dismantle segragating. He is the first black United States Supreme Court Justice. He is best known for arguing the historic 1954 Brown v. -
Martin Luther King was shot dead while standing on a balcony outside his second-floor room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. News of King’s assassination prompted major outbreaks of racial violence, resulting in more than 40 deaths nationwide and extensive property damage in over 100 American cities.
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/assassination-martin-luther-king-jr -
The Watts Riots raged for six days and resulted in 400 million dollars worth of property damage. It was sparked by a incident when a young man ridinga motorcycle was arrested by a white california Highway Patroller. He was taken suspected to have been driving intoxicated.