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The 1950s exemplified the worst of racism. The need for change was obvious. Groups were formed and legislation was only starting to be out into place at this time.
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Protests are ramped and change is being demanded. The 1960s involve many protests for racial integration and respect. People want to be treated equally and they want to vote. They are fighting for change.
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Overruled the Separate but equal idea established by Plessy v Ferguson. UT was required to admit Sweatt. Court Case -
Sarah Keys Evans refused to give up her seat on a state-to-state bus, which prompted the case. The Interstate Commerce Commission outlawed the segregation of interstate buses.
Court case -
The civil rights movement of the 1960s was significantly impacted by the Vietnam War. At a period when the fight for social justice was having the most success, the war contributed to its division. The fight for human equality was utterly destroyed by the factionalism over whether or not to support the war.
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A branch of the Montgomery Improvement Association. Successfully organized a 381-day boycott of the segregated bus system in Montgomery, Alabama. protest and achievment -
Emmett Till, then 14 years old, was viciously attacked in Mississippi before being lynched a few days after it was claimed that he whistled at a white woman at a nearby store. Violence by opposition -
Denied the school board of Little Rock, AR the right to delay desegregation for 30 days. Court case -
The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest against the practice of racial segregation in Montgomery, Alabama's public transportation system.
Protest and achievement -
Established in Montgomery Alabama to fight racial injustice, specifically segregation on buses. Protest -
The Civil Rights Act of 1957, which Eisenhower signed into law, created a civil rights commission and a civil rights division in the department of justice to safeguard southern African Americans' right to vote, but he did nothing to actually enforce it.
Legislation -
The Little Rock Nine was a group of African American students who enrolled in Little Rock Central High School, but were prevented from entering due to a decision made by the Arkansas governor. Protest and achievement, no violence -
Four African American students sat at a whites-only lunch counter in a Woolworth's department store. This form of nonviolent protest inspired more peaceful protests and sit-ins around the country.
Protest, violence by opposition -
The U.S. supreme court unanimously decided to put in place programs to speed up the integration process. Court case and legislation -
Political protests in which both black people and white people ride the bus together into the segregated southern states.
Protest, no violence -
A desegregation and voters rights coalition in Albany, Georgia.
protest -
Riots occurred when James Meredith enrolled in the University of Mississippi, integrating the school.
Achievement -
A campaign organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to encourage integration. Achievement, no violence -
A NAACP field secretary and American civil rights from Mississippi activist who was killed by Byron De La Beckwith.
Violence by opposition -
Over 25,000 people gathered near the Lincoln Memorial and peacefully protested for the civil and economic rights of African Americans. Dr. Martin Luther King Junior gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.
Achievement -
An attempt to register African Americans to vote.
Protest -
Passed a law that forbids discrimination based on national origin, racial or ethnic origin, or color of one's skin.
Legisation -
The U.S. Supreme Court decided that private businesses could not discriminate based on race.
Legislation, Achievement -
At age 39, in Manhattan Malcolm X, a religious and civil rights leader, was killed during his speech at the Audubon Ballroom.
Violence by opposition -
A large group of people marched from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, the capital of Alabama to protest for the rights of African Americans to vote.
Protest -
It prohibited the discriminatory voting practices implemented in several southern states following the Civil War, such as the requirement of passing literacy tests in order to vote.
Legislation -
Was the first African American to enroll at the University of Mississippi. Began a solitary walk from Memphis, Tennessee to Jackson Mississippi to raise awareness against racism.
Protest and Achievment -
From 1955 until his murder in the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, Martin Luther King Jr., an American Baptist pastor and activist, was one of the most famous figures in the civil rights movement.
Violence by opposition -
Made it illegal to discriminate based on national origin, racial or ethnic origin, family status, mental and physical ability or color of one's skin in terms of housing.
Legislation -
The government is recognizing the citizens' need for change. Many legislations are being put into place and schools are being integrated. The South is putting up a fight. When most issues are taken to court, freedom wins.
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Was the first black person to run for a major-party to be the President, and the first woman for the Democratic party.
Achievement -
Breaking the record previously held by Babe Ruth, Aaron hit his 715th home run off the LA Dodgers.
Achievement -
Barbara Jordan, a congresswoman from Texas, gave the opening remarks of the Democratic National Convention. Jordan urged them to dedicate themselves to a "national community" and the "common good." She said that, even a decade earlier, it would have been impossible for a black woman to give the keynote address at a significant party convention.
Achievement -
A decision made by the Supreme Court in which Universities and colleges could not take race into account when admitting students.
Legislation and Achievement