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13th Amendment (African Americans)
The passing of the 13th amendment abolished slavery. This amendment being passed dreed thousands of slaves all across the United States. It was a turning point because it began the goal to create a country of equality in the U.S. -
14th Amendment (All Groups)
Rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
15th Amendment (African Americans)
Gave colored people the right to vote. Once this amendment was passed, African Americans started to take part in voting and running for office. The amendment diminished Jim Crow practices that limited African Americans' ability to participate in the ballots. -
Tuskegee Institution created (African Americans)
It was the first black college created by Booker T. Washington in Alabama to educate African American kids on skills that could help them become more economically independent. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson (African Americans)
The Supreme Court legalized segregation throughout the nation by saying that people can be Separate but equal. This was not fair because colored people were not being treated equally to white people. This did not solve anything about segregation and did not do anything to end it. -
NAACP created (African Americans)
The NAACP ( National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) created by white and black activists to help end racial discrimination in America. It has won major legal victories for black people, one being Brown v. Board Of Education. -
19th Amendment (Womens group)
The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States. This was a major victory for the women's suffrage movement due to women fighting for this right for many years. -
Executive Order 9981 (African Americans)
Truman ordered that the federal government desegregated. This allowed for black people to not be discriminated on and allowed them to fairly participate in political ordeals. -
Brown V. Board of Education (African Americans)
A black girl had to travel drastic lengths to attend an all black school when a school for all whites was closer to her house. Her parents argued that the segregation in schools was putting their daughter in danger so they took the case to the courts. Unanimously the Supreme Court voted -
Montgomery Bus Boycott (African Americans)
It started when Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give her bus seat up to a white man. It lasted for many months, protesting for racial equality on public transportation. It was eventually taken to the courts and the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the segregation that was taking place on public transportation was unconstitutional. -
Civil Rights Act 1957 (All Groups)
It was the first civil rights act since reconstruction and it basically allowed all citizens of the United States, including African Americans, the right to vote. -
Little Rock Nine (African Americans)
9 African American students enrolled in an all white school called Central High School. In front of the school there was an angry mob of people protesting against the 9 kids entering the school. The cops then later escorted the kids out of the school to put a stop to the protesting. This event led to racial segregation in schools being challenged. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) formed (All Groups)
Martin Luther King was one of the creators of this organization. It was created to better monitor and navigate civil rights protests across the South. The organization wanted to advance civil rights but in a non violent manner -
Chicano Movement (Mural Movement) (Chicanos)
Artists painted murals across the U.S. representing Mexican culture and history. This was a political movement that helped improve the treatment of mexicans. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) formed (African Americans)
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating committee is a student-led committee that coordinates sit-ins and other non-violent protests to help fight against racism in the United States. This committee was a way that students participated in the Civil RIghts Movement. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-ins (African Americans)
Young African American student stages a sit-in, in a segregated restaurant in Greensboro North Carolina. The students refused to leave after being denied service and having food thrown at them. After this sit-in, the sit-in movement began to spread all across the South advocating for equal treatment among races in restaurants. -
Freedom Riders (African Americans)
During the summers of 1961-1964 people boarded buses and traveled across the South to register African Americans to vote. -
Cesar Chavez (Chicanos)
He was an advocate for Mexican American Equality and used non violent protests and boycotts to help migrant farmers achieve better working conditions. -
Dr.King's letter from Birmingham Jail (African Americans)
MLK wrote a letter while in the Birmingham jail in regards to the racial discrimination America. He wrote this letter in response to a letter by another man telling him to protest in the courts and not in the streets. -
March on Washington: "I have a Dream" speech (African Americans)
A speech MLK gave regarding his dream for the future of America. This march on Washington where his speech took place led to numerous acts being passed, increasing equality for African Americans. -
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) proposed (Women)
This amendment provided legal equality of all sexes and helped end gender discrimination. It provided citizens protection against being unequally treated because of there sex.