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Sweatt v. Painter was a Supreme Court Case that prohibited the University of Texas from rejecting applicants solely on the basis of race. Many schools denied applicants solely on race which went against the 14th amendment. The court unanimously agreed that this broke the Equal Protections Clause. -
The United States abolished legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement throughout the United States. This was the first major year of change and advancement towards equality.
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Sarah Keys Evans refused to give up her seat on a state bus. The Interstate Commerce Commission outlawed segregation of African-American passengers in buses traveling across state lines. -
Emmett Till was accused of flirting with a white women. He was murdered at the age of 14. -
This protest was the first large-scale protest against segregation. This protest lasted 13 months, before the Supreme Court ruled that segregation was unconstitutional on public buses. -
This was established in Alabama as a movement to fight against civil rights. The main subject of this protest was to fight against segregation of school buses. . -
This Act protected African-American voting writes. Even though this was an amazing achievement, there was very little enforcement. -
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference is civil rights organization that successfully made a 381 day boycott. This organization was founded by MLK in January of 1957.
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference fought for desegregation and equal rights for African-Americans. -
Nine African-American students arrived to attend a Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. They were harassed and got objects thrown at them, they were denied entry by the National Guard. -
Cooper v. Aaron was a Supreme Court Case stating that Arkansas police were obligated to mandate desegregation. Aaron won, denying school boards the right to delay desegregation. -
The US banned all discrimination based on race, including racial segregation in schools, businesses, and in public accommodations. The US allowed many voting rights and desegregation of transportation.
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African-American students staged a sit-in at a segregated diner counter in Greensboro, North Carolina. The students refused to leave after being refused service, this influenced more protests in the South. -
These were groups of white and African-American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides. They wanted to challenge segregation on interstate buses and bus terminals. -
This protest was to desegregate entire areas and provide voting rights. There were over 1,000 African-Americans arrested, along with Martin Luther King Jr. -
Riots erupted on the University of Mississippi in Oxford. Locals, students, and segregationists gathered to protest the enrollment of James Meredith, a veteran, when he tried to attend an all white school. -
In Birmingham, Alabama, police responded to protesters. They sprayed them with fire hoses and sent police dogs to attack protesters. -
Medgar Evars was a civil rights activist and the NAACP's first field secretary in Mississippi. He was killed by Byron De La Beckwith. -
This was one of the most inspiring protests in history. More than a quarter million people showed to protest freedom and jobs. This took place near the Washington Monument where Dr. King gave his "I Have A Dream Speech." -
This was a volunteer campaign that tried to convince African-American's to vote. People wanted to provide African-Americans with amenities and legal power to vote. -
The Civil Right's Act prohibited discrimination by race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This was a major achievement for active protesters and activists. -
This is a Supreme Court Case that helped dismantle the Jim Crow System. The government could enjoin the motel from discriminating on the basis of race under the Commerce Clause. -
This Act prohibited discriminatory voting practices. This also prohibited literary tests for registering. -
Malcom X was a religious and civil rights leader, was assassinated during a speech at the Audubon Ballroom in Manhattan. He was killed by Thomas Hagan. -
In Alabama, hundreds of people gathered in Selma, Alabama to march to the capital city of Montgomery. They protested to say that African-Americans are allowed to exercise their right to vote. -
March Against Fear rally in the Mississippi state capitol, with Martin Luther King Jr. speaking. James Meredith was right along his side. Meredith was shot the next day by Aubrey Norvell. -
Martin Luther King Jr. was murder in his hotel, The Lorraine Motel. He was fatally shot in Memphis, Tennessee by James Earl Ray. -
This Act makes it illegal to discriminate in housing because of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, physical or mental handicaps, or family status. This applied to buying, renting, and selling. -
There were many Supreme Court Case providing more and equal equality. Many African-Americans were very outspoken and began to crate their own movements.
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This was a supreme court case in Charlotte, NC. This court case was to desegregate schools within Mecklenburg county. Charlotte-Mecklenburg won because there was no requirement in the Constitution to act purposely to increase racial mixing. -
In 1972, Shirley Chisolm announced her run for president. She became the first black candidate and the first women nomination for the democratic party. Chisolm ran against George Wallace, the face of Southern segregation. -
The Boston desegregation crisis was caused by Brown v. Board of education. Opposition to court-ordered school “busing,” turned violent on the opening day of classes. School buses were carrying African-American kids. The buses were pelted with eggs, bricks, and bottles, and police in combat gear fought to control angry white protesters bombarding the schools. -
Hank Aaron was an all-star baseball player for the Atlanta Braves. On April 8th, 1974, he 715th career home run. He beat the previous record, held by Babe Ruth. -
Barbara Jordan was a Texas congresswoman. She delivered a keynote address at the Democratic National Convention. Jordan was the first black woman to ever deliver a keynote address at a major party convention and that such a thing would have been almost impossible even a decade earlier. -
University of California Regents vs. Bakke was a Supreme Court case which held that a university's admissions criteria which used race as a definite and exclusive basis for an admission decision. The Supreme Court ruled that schools were violating the equal Protections Clause and schools were unconstitutional.