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White primary is abolished in Georgia
The white primary effectively disfranchised African Americans to participate in Democratic primaries. African Americans were promised the right to vote, but there was nothing specific in U.s constitution about primary elections. It was abolished because the court ruled that it was unconstitutional .http://www.jstor.org/pss/1949913 -
Integration of the Armed Forces
President Harry Truman signed the order. It was for the equal treatment and oppurtunity for everyone no matter what you race, color, religion, o national origin. http://www.trumanlibrary.org/anniversaries/desegblurb.htm -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown vs. Board of education declared state laws establishing seperate public schools for blacks and whites. It overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson act of 1896 which allowed state sponsored segergation. Linda Brown was who this case was named after. Her father Rev. Oliver Brown also played a roll in this case. http://www.watson.org/~lisa/blackhistory/early-civilrights/brown.html -
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks and African American women who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white person. She was protesting against racial segergation on a bus. On December 20, 1956 a supreme court decision was made that racial segergation buses in Alabama and Montgomery declared unconstitutional. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_Bus_Boycott http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_Bus_Boycott -
Change to Georgia's state flag
They changed the flag by adding the old confederate flag onto it. There are two diferent reasons why some say they changed the flag. One reason is to honor the centennial of the Cilvil War. Another reason is that the flag symbolized Georgia's resistance to integration. http://sos.georgia.gov/archives/museum/html/georgia_state_flag_since_1956.htm -
Crisis at Central High School and "Little Rock Nine"
Little Rock Nine was a group of African American students who went to Little Rock Central Highschool. The crisis in the Little Rock Nine was students were inicially prevented from entering the racially segergated school. On the first day National Gaurd refused to let them enter the school and they were even
threatend to be lynched.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine -
Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL bombed
The temple was bombed early in the moring. The bombing took place at the congregation because (General Gordon of Confederate Underground) said that they were going to bomb. All nightclubs refused to fire their black employees. They said that blacks and Jews were considered aliens. http://www.enotes.com/topic/Bombing_of_the_Hebrew_Benevolent_Congregation_Temple -
Sibley Commission
The sibley commission was established to study the problem of school integration. It found out that most Georgians said that they would rather close the schools than integrate them. This commission recommended that school systems should be allowed to decide themselves if they would actually follow federal law. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2617 and integrate. -
Integration of The University of Georgia
The people involved with this event is Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes. They both arrive at the UGA campus with police escort to attend UGA. The people pleaded with the govenors to close UGA rather than to let these two men attend. Govenor Vandiver's decision towards UGA's integration made Georgia's school desegregation much calmer than other states. http://crdl.usg.edu/events/uga_integration/?Welcome -
Freedom Rides
Seven blacks and six whites left Washington, D.C., on two public buses bound for the Deep South; to test wether or not they would be able to ride on interstate buses. At first they were treated fairly, but not long after some were severely beaten. In Montgomery they were attacked more than 1000 whites. By the end of the summer, the protests had spread to train stations and airports across the South, and the ICC issued rules concerning segregation on buses.http://www.core-online.org/History/free -
Albany Movement
William G. Anderson a local black doctor was the leader of this movement. The people involved were the workers with the NAACP and SNCC. This movement took place in the 'whites only' section of Albany Georgia's bus station. Most of the protesters ended up being jailed and arrested. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1057 -
Birmingham, AL protests
They were protesting because they wanted to bring attention to bring attention to unequal treatment that African Americans had to deal with in Birmingham Alabama. They boycotted to pressure buisnesses to hire people of all races and end segergation everywhere. The leader of the protest was MLK. It was orginized by the SCLC. SCLC orginizer Wyatt Tee Walker and Birmingham native Fred Shuttlesworth began marches trying to provoke mass arrests. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_campaign -
March on Washington DC
The march was protested by a group of civil rights, labor, and religious orginizations. They were protesting for civil and econmic rights for African Americans and jobs and freedom. The results of the march a success but there were some negative outcomes. Many mean and hard segergationists were not moved what so ever. White supremacist groups wasted no time in retaliating against the march. http://www.angelfire.com/pa/marchonwashington/nresults.html -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham bombed
Not everyone agreed with ending segregation and Bombings acts of violence followed the settlement. Therefore the church had become an inviting target. The bombing killed four little girls and injured 22 people. Bobby Frank Cherry, Thomas Blanton, Herman Frank Cash, and Robert Chambliss, members of a Ku Klux Klan group, planted a box of dynamite with a time delay under the steps of the church. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Street_Baptist_Church_bombing -
John F. Kennedy assassinated
John F. Kennedy was assassinated through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas, Texas. He was with his wife Jacqueline, Texas governor John Connally, and his wife Nellie. The person believed to be the killer was Lee Harvey Oswald. It was concluded that Kennedy was probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy.http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/November-22-1963-Death-of-the-President.aspx -
Civil Rights Act 1964 passed
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation. It ended unequal voting registration requirements. Rights that it covered was to provide relief against descrimination in public places, to protect constitutional rights in education and buisnesses, equal employment, and right to vote. The act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson.http://ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=97 -
Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed
This act was to enforce the 15th amendment and discriminatory voting. It outlawed literacy tests so that African Americans could vote fair. All citizens were supposed to have an equal right now vote, but some didnt just because they were women, or african american. This act was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson.http://ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=100 -
Summerhill Race Riot (Atlanta)
ummerhill was a four day riot in Atlanta. Its leader was Stokely Carmichael. They were accused of following an alleged police brutality. The rseult of the riot ended in one death and twenty injuries. It revealed the frustrations in lower-income black communities. Mayor Ivan Allen Jr. went to the area during the riot and begged the rioters and worked with police
to resotre order in the area.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summerhill_(Atlanta) -
MLK assasinated
Martin Luther King was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. James Earl Ray was arrested in London at Heathrow Airpot, charged with the crime. Atlanta reacted in a non-violent way unlike other states. Atlanta wanted to honor MLK by not acting violently. http://www.maryferrell.org/wiki/index.php/Martin_Luther_King_Assassination -
All Ga schools integrated
In 1971 Georgia schools finally were integrated. The process took so long because the South was resistant about making public schools integrated. But Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education ruled that Federal courts had the option to achieve racial balance. Therefore schools in Georgia were finally allowing blacks to attend white schools.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desegregation_busing_in_the_United_States
