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Black Codes
Southern State Legistlatures responded to the freeing of the African American slaves by enacting black codes to regulate the former slaves. The codes were so severe that they almost amounted to a new form of slavery. -
Black Codes Revoked
The United States Congress placed all the rebellious states except Tennessee under military rule and revoked the black codes because of how much like slavery they were. They forced African Americans to enter into contracts and were stilled subject to their owners. -
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Implemented the extension of citizenship to anyone born in the United States and gave African Americans full equality before the law. -
Civil Rights Act of 1872
Anti Ku Klux Klan Act. This act made it a federal crime for anyone to use law or custom to deprive an individual of rights, priviledges, and immunities secured by the constitution of the United States. -
Second Civil Rights Act
This act gave everyone the entitlement to full and equal enjoyment of public accomodations, theaters, and other places of public amusement, and it imposed penalities on violators. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson created the separate-but-equal doctrine. It held that separate-but-equal facilities do not violate the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to the consititution. It was referred to as the "judicial cornerstone of racial discrimination." -
End of White Primary
The White Primary was when only white people were allowed to vote. In 1944, this was ruled a violation of the 15th amendment. They added the grandfather clause in 1867 which restricted voting to those who could prove that their grandfathers had voted before 1867. -
End of Separate but Equal
The NAACP was created in 1909 and sided with Oliver Brown to help his daughter be able to attend a school that was only 7 blocks away instead of 21 blocks away. In 1954, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka established that segregation of races in the public schools violated the consitution and was not allowed any longer. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Martin Luther King Jr. formed the conference to advocate nonviolent civil disobedience. His plan was to achieve racial equality in a way that didn't condone violence or hate. -
The March on Washington
Philip Randolph and Bayard Rustin put together the March on Washington for jobs and freedom. Right before the march, King gave his famous "I have a dream" speech.
