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In Dred Scott v. Sandford, Scott sued the brother of his late owner because he believed that he was a free slave. The Supreme Court disagreed, stating that he was property and could not sue.
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Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery in the US
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This amendment made african-americans full citizens of the US, entitled to the same rights and protections.
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This amendment prevented the states from blocking blacks from voting in elections.
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The first Civil Rights Act, guaranteeing African Americans equal rights in transportation, restaurant/inns, theaters and on juries.
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Between 1886 and 1900, there are more than 2,500 lynchings in the nation, the vast majority in the Deep South.
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In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court supported the seperate but equal doctrine in education and other areas.
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The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded by W.E.B Du Bois, Jane Addams, John Dewey and others.
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Jackie Robinson becomes first African American to play major league baseball
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In Brown v. Board of Education, the decision widely regarded as having sparked the modern civil rights era, the Supreme Court rules deliberate public school segregation illegal, effectively overturning "separate but equal" doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson.
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In Alabama, on December 1 Rosa Parks refuses to up her bus seat to a white man
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Efforts to integrate Little Rock, Ark., Central High School meet with legal resistance and violence; Gov. Orval Faubus predicts "blood will run in the streets" if African Americans push effort to integrate. On Sept. 24, federal troops mobilize to protect the nine African American students at the high school from white mobs trying to block the school's integration.
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Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organizes Freedom Rides into the South to test new Interstate Commerce Commission regulations and court orders barring segregation in interstate transportation.
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Over a quarter of a million people participate in the March on Washington on August 28, 1963, and hear Martin Luther King Jr. deliver his "I Have a Dream" speech.
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Thurgood Marshall becomes the first African American justice of the Supreme Court.
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The Supreme Court, in the Regents of the University of California v. Bakke case, upholds the principle of affirmative action but rejects fixed racial quotas as unconstitutional.
