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Supreme Court case ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, were not American citizens and couldn't sue in federal court.
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This amendment abolished slavery in the United States in the fight for civil rights.
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The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and guaranteed equal protection under the law.
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This amendment prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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In this Supreme Court case, the separate but equal doctrine was established, allowing racial segregation in public facilities as long as they were deemed to be equal.
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The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote, making it more significant in the broader struggle for civil rights.
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This landmark legislation outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination.
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This act aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote, particularly in the South.
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Title IX is a federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in education programs and activities that receive federal funding.
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This Supreme Court case addressed affirmative action in university admissions, ruling that affirmative action was constitutional but setting limits on its use.
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In this case, the Supreme Court upheld a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing consensual homosexual activity. It was later overturned by Lawrence v. Texas in 2003.
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The ADA prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and public accommodations.
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This Supreme Court case struck down a key provision of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which required certain states and localities with a history of racial discrimination in voting to get federal approval.
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In this landmark case, the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide, affirming the fundamental right to marry for all individuals regardless of sexual orientation.