Civil rights

By shadaebryant

  • Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

    Supreme Court case ruled that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, were not American citizens and couldn't sue in federal court.

  • 13th Amendment (1865)

    This amendment abolished slavery in the United States in the fight for civil rights.

  • 14th Amendment (1868)

    The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and guaranteed equal protection under the law.

  • 15th Amendment (1870)

    This amendment prohibited the denial of voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

  • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

    In this Supreme Court case, the separate but equal doctrine was established, allowing racial segregation in public facilities as long as they were deemed to be equal.

  • Nineteenth Amendment (1920)

    The 19th Amendment granted women the right to vote, making it more significant in the broader struggle for civil rights.

  • Civil Rights Act of 1964

    This landmark legislation outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination.

  • Voting Rights Act of 1965

    This act aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote, particularly in the South.

  • Title IX (1972)

    Title IX is a federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in education programs and activities that receive federal funding.

  • Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

    This Supreme Court case addressed affirmative action in university admissions, ruling that affirmative action was constitutional but setting limits on its use.

  • Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)

    In this case, the Supreme Court upheld a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing consensual homosexual activity. It was later overturned by Lawrence v. Texas in 2003.

  • Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

    The ADA prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and public accommodations.

  • Shelby County v. Holder (2013)

    This Supreme Court case struck down a key provision of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which required certain states and localities with a history of racial discrimination in voting to get federal approval.

  • Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)

    In this landmark case, the Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide, affirming the fundamental right to marry for all individuals regardless of sexual orientation.