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In August 1955, 14-year-old Emmett Till was abducted, beaten, and murdered in Money, Mississippi, after being accused of making improper advances toward a white woman, -
the US Supreme Court unanimously ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson. -
Parks rejected a bus driver's order to leave a row of four seats in the "colored" section once the white section had filled up and move to the back of the bus. -
Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus, who deployed the Arkansas National Guard to block their entrance, citing concerns about public safety and potential violence. -
in response to a public statement of concern and caution issued by eight white religious leaders of the South, who had criticized his nonviolent protest tactics in Birmingham. -
They refused to leave a whites-only lunch counter at a Woolworth store. -
The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (commonly known as the March on Washington or the Great March on Washington) was held in Washington, D.C. -
The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing was an attack on a black church in Birmingham, Alabama -
In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court case, Loving v. Virginia, struck down state laws prohibiting interracial marriage. -
Spessard Holland, a conservative Democrat from Florida, introduced the amendment to the Senate. -
Riders faced violent opposition and were arrested for using "whites-only" facilities. -
prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal. -
a march by over 500 civil rights protesters was violently broken up at the Edmund Pettus Bridge. -
The Voting Rights Act was enacted on August 6, 1965, and it prohibited states from imposing qualifications or practices to deny the right to vote on account of race;