Chapter 4: Education in the United States: It's Historical Roots

By kay1234
  • The Colonial Period

    The Colonial Period

    Religion was a major reason early settlers came to America and was a major force in shaping colonial schools.
  • Colonial Period

    Colonial Period

    Massachusetts Act of 1647
    Old Deluder Satan Act was designed to produce citizens who understood the Bible and could thwart Satan's trickery, and it required every town 50 or more households to hire a teacher of reading and writing.
  • The Early National Period

    The Early National Period

    The beginning of a new era for education.
  • The Early National Period

    The Early National Period

    Legislators removed control of education from the federal government to give to the states. Land Ordinance of 1785 had the federal government establishing a role for itself in public education.
  • The Early National Period

    The Early National Period

    The Constitution played a major role in shaping the educational system. It removed formal religion from schools, and establishes state responsibility in education.
  • The Early National Period

    The Early National Period

    The "Establishment Clause" of the First Amendment prohibited the government from passing legislation to establish any one official religion over another.
  • The Common School Movement

    The Common School Movement

    This movement made education accessible to the common person.
  • The Common School Movement

    The Common School Movement

    First compulsory school attendance law passed.
  • The Common School Movement

    The Common School Movement

    This movement was a turning point in American education because the idea of universal access to a tax-supported education was planted and took root. Grade levels introduced, and normal school were created to prepare teachers.
  • The Civil War

    The Civil War

    1861-1865
    Ended legal slavery in the United States, but the policy of separate but equal, which formalized the segregation of African Americans replaced it. It wasn't overturned until 1954.
  • Education of Native Americans

    Education of Native Americans

    1771-1870: Federal government signs nearly 400 treaties with Native American nations and tribes.
    1890: U.S. government begins building boarding schools.
    1928-1934: National reports and federal legislation provide Native Americans with greater control over education.
    1972: Indian Education Act establishes Office of Indian Education.
    1990: Native American Languages Act protects the languages and cultures of Native Americans.
  • Creation of Junior HIgh

    Creation of Junior HIgh

    Columbus, OH- First school for grades 7, 8, and 9
    By 1926, junior highs had been set up in 800 school systems.
  • The Evolution of the American High School

    The Evolution of the American High School

    1635-Boston Latin Grammar school (Ministry & Law)
    1751- Franklin's Academy (Eliminated religion, focused on math, science, and navigation)
    1821- English Classical School (Focused on needs of boys not attending college
    1892- Committee of Ten (Created standards and methods for high school)
    1913- Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education (Cardinal Principles of Education-Goals in health and civic education)
  • The Modern Era

    The Modern Era

    By 1920, the number of female teachers in the US increased to 86% and remained at about 70% through the rest of the 20th century.
  • The Modern Era

    The Modern Era

    1946-2000
    Schools become instruments of national purpose and social change.
  • Head Start

    Head Start

    1965-
    1. To stimulate the academic achievement and development of low-income pre-schoolers
    2. To educate and involve parents in the education of their children
  • History of Technology

    History of Technology

    1930's- Projectors and filmstrips
    1940's- Overhead projectors
    1950's- Programmed and Computer-Based Instruction
    1950-1970- Educational television (VCR, VHS)
    1967- Hand-held calculators
  • The Modern Era

    The Modern Era

    The federal government became involved in gender-equity issues by enacting Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972.
  • The Modern Era

    The Modern Era

    Increased federal funding for K-12 education-1964
    Development of the Job Corps
    Department of Education-1979
    Individuals with Disabilities Education Act- 1975
    The creation of national compensatory education programs