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Slavery the Mainspring-Again
Export of cotton was the force in developing the US economy from 1790 to 1840.
The south fueled the northern textile industry. -
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1790-1850
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Period: to
The African American Community
Christianity place a vital role in their communities.
Most masters understood slaves had needs, feelings, and hopes to. -
Cotton and Expansion into the Old Southwest
Cottin gin, invented in 1793, made the harvesting of cotton faster and easier.
The expansion was taking Indian Land. It started with the Creeks in 1814 and ended with the Cherokee in 1838. -
African American Religion
Free African Americans founded their own independent churches and denominations.
The first African American Baptist and Methodist churches were founded in Philadelphia in 1794. -
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Slave Families
Families remained essential to slave communities in the 1800's.
Families meant surivival for slaves. -
House Servants
Fully 1/3 of the female slaves in Virginia worked as house servants by 1800.
House work was much more prefered and easier then field work. -
Sold "Down the River"
Slaves learned that they would be sold down river and became more rebellous.
Slaves were sold in new clothes to look good. -
A Slave Society in a Changing World
Abolishment on on the impoprtation of slaves from Africa became law on 1 Jan 1808.
The south lost major political contol to the North and Northwest. -
The Price of Survival
In 1808, African American women had a birth rate of 35-40.
In 1850, life expectancy for slaves was 30-33 years and 40-43 for white people. -
King Cotton and Southern Expansion
Cotton revives slavery in the US from waning to booming.
Cotton created a regional culture quite different from the North. -
The White Majority
2/3 of all southerners did not own slaves.
Slave owners dominated politics. -
Cotton and the American Slave System
In 1850, 55 percent of all slaves were engaged in cotton growing.
An estimated 1 million slaves were migrated to the lower south between 1820 and 1860. -
To be a Slave
Slavery had become distinctively southern by 1820.
The number of slaves grew from 700,000 in 1790 to 4 million in 1860. -
Field Work and the Gang System of Labor
A full 75% of slaves were field workers and used the gang system of labor.
The gang system of labor made slaves age faster. -
Artisians and Skilled Workers
Primarily most of the skilled workmen in the south were slaves.
Blacks worked as Lumber Jacks and of the 16,000 almost all were black. -
Yeoman Values
In 1838 and 1832, southern yeomen and poor white men voted overwhelmingly for Andrew Jackson.
Many southern yeomen lived apart from large slave holders. -
The Middle Class
By 1837, the Tredegar Iron Works company was the third largest foundary in the nation.
Many southern planters scorned members of the commercial middle class. -
The Internal Slave Trade
In every decade after 1820, at least 150,000 slaves were uprooted to the new areas.
The sheer size and profitability of the internal slave trade and mockery of southern claims for the benevolence of the slave slave system. -
Slave Revolts
Nat Turners 1831 revolt magnified southerns fears.
After 1831, the possibility of slave insurrection was never far form their minds. -
Poor White People
From 30 to 50% of all southern white people were landless.
Relationships between poor whites and black slaves were very complex. -
From Cradle to Grave
From birth to about age 7 slave children played with one another and white children.
Most slaves spent their lives as field hands. -
Freedom and Resistance
Slave patrols were a common site on southern roads.
Slaves rarely reached the Norh, but tried anyways. -
Free African Americans
By 1860, 250,000 free black people lived in the south.
Most free black people lived in the upper south's countryside. -
Small Slave Owners
The largest group of owners were yeoman goig from small to commercial grade farming.
The Panic of 1837 was a serious set back to many small farmers. -
Planters
Few slave owners were rich.
Only 36% of southern white people owned slaves in 1830.