-
Discovery of Proteins
Proteins were recognized as a distinct class of biological molecules in the eighteenth century by Antoine Fourcroy. -
First Vaccine
Discovered by Edward Jenner, used to prevent the smallpox. -
First Sterilization
Discovered by Nicolas Appert to conserve the food. -
Discovery of enzymes
Usually attributed to PAYEN and PERSOZ -
Fist public vaccination campaign
Vaccination Act of 1840.- made free all the vaccines for poor people in England. -
Discovery of generic inheritance patterns
Gregor Mendel demonstrated that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns -
Discovery of DNA structure
DNA was first isolated by the Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher. -
first cloned organism
The first cloned animals were created by Hans Dreisch in the late 1800's. -
first antibiotic
Discovered by alexander Fleming. -
Avery's experiment
Oswald Avery conducted the experiment where he removed the parts of a bacteria one by one to stop it from transforming, it happened when he removed the DNA so he conclude that it was the carrier of genes in cells. -
McLeod's experiment
Colin Munro MacLeod was a Canadian-American geneticist.
Worked with avery and McCarty to show that the DNA has the generic information of the cells. -
hershey-Chase experiment
conducted by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, which helped to confirm that DNA was the genetic material of the organisms. -
1st recombinant organism
Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer created the first recombinant DNA organism using recombinant DNA techniques pioneered a year earlier by Paul Berg, it was the E. Coli bacteria. -
1st biotechnological drug(insulin)
A biotechnology company named Genentech produced the first synthetically manufactured insulin. Using bacteria or yeast as miniature "factories," the gene for human insulin was inserted into bacterial DNA. The result was human insulin, called recombinant DNA insulin. -
First transgenic animal
The first transgenic animal was a mouse, developed by the techniques of Richard Palmiter. -
PCR technique conceived
The PCR technique was originally conceived by Nobel laureate Kary Mullis. Technique for cloning. -
1st gene sequenced
the first sequenced genome of a live organism was of Haemophilus influenzae. With the method invented by Sanger. -
Human Genome Project (1990-2003)
some of the goals of this project were:
identify all the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA,
determine the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA,
store this information in databases -
First GM crop sold
It was the "Flavr Savr" tomato introduced in 1994. -
Human embryonic stem cell line established
They could be use to substitute sick cells in the human body.
