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Social Darwinism
A term very prominent in the 19th century. It basically means that humans, just like animals, compete for resources and opportunities that will benefit their health and overall well-being. There is no exact date for this term because it wasn't coined by a specific person. Well, except for Charles Darwin. -
Henry Ford
On 1913, Ford introduced the T-Model car which incorporated a new way of building it. He incorporated the use of mass production and assembly lines in factories. To lower the time spent making one in order to create more faster. -
Federal Reserve System
This is the central banking system of the US. It was created with the enactment of the federal reserve act. It was created in a response to various financial failures like bank failures. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a very prominent figure in the civil rights movements and constant battles of the 19th century. He was the orator for the Black Nationalism and Pan-African movements. After helping those two groups, he decided to start his own civil rights group to further battle the unfair and cruel treatment that us African Americans received. The group that he formed was called the Universal Negro Improvement Association. -
The Great Migration
A massive movement of more than six million African Americans from the rural South, to the cities of the North. It had a giant impact on the urban lifestyle of the US. -
1st Red Scare
This event occurred shortly after the end of World War 1 and the bolshevik revolution in Russia. It was a nation-wide fear of the spread of communism in America. The event's prevalence increased after a series of anarchist bombings all across the US. -
Prohibition
The prohibition of alcohol went into effect on January 29th, banning all of its consumption and production. This was a widely accepted law many people were fine with maintaining a sober lifestyle. Along with decreasing the prevalence of domestic abuse and fights, it brought about organized crime and furthered the crimes mane! Oh yea and people began bootlegging alcohol, like James Gatz in the Great Gatsby. -
Tin Pan Alley
This was a collaboration of many music groups and artists that all came together during this time period to help people get through the very depressing great depression. The name partially came from their location, which was West 28th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenue in Manhattan. A plaque exists near their location that is meant to commemorate their meaningful existence. -
Warren G. Harding's "Return to Normalcy"
A campaign promise presented by Harding during the 1920 presidential election. He stated that after the war, and during his presidency, he would make sure that the US returned to its old ways and maintain the same glory. His main goal was to return the US to its old pre-war mindset, and keep thoughts of war off of their mind. -
Jazz Music
Jazz music was a product of the cultural expansion of the African American and Latino communities. Music groups like "Stormy Weather", "The Glenn Miller Story", and "The Man and the Legend" were all very important and enlightening groups that focused on the empowerment of the people during this harsh discriminative time. Along with the jazz music, there were also other types of art like art and poetry. -
Frances E. Willard
She was a very important and well known figure in the women's rights movements. She advocated with the prohibition acts and was a pioneer educator that believed in the immense power of knowledge. She was also a leader of the WCTU(Women's Christian Temperance Union. Although she didn't make it to see the outcome of her progress, Frances E. Willard was one of the top reasons that the 18th and 19th amendments were ratified. -
Langston Hughes
He was one of the most prominent figures in the Harlem Renaissance. He promoted racial pride, condemned racism, and channeled the African American culture through his various books, drawings, and plays. He was a creative genius and was mostly influenced by his life in New York City's Harlem. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
The teapot dome scandal was a bribery incident that took place from 1921-1922. It also took place under the administration of president Warren G. Harding. They had leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome in Wyoming and two other locations in California to private oil companies at low rates without competitive bidding. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
It involved a high school teacher, who was teaching Charles Darwin's evolutionary concepts. The reason that this was such a big deal was because of the law that was put in place in Tennessee, which prevented teachers from teaching this, and to instead teach the "divine creation of man". Scopes claimed that he didn't really know if he had ever taught evolution, but he incriminated himself so that the trial could have a defendant. -
Clarence Darrow
A very important lawyer. He was involved in the Scopes Monkey Trial case and helped Scope win. He was also a member of the American Civil Liberties Union. -
William Jennings Brian
He was the prosecutor's lawyer in the Scopes Monkey Trial and fought against Clarence Darrow and him and his defendant. He was a dominant force in the democratic wing of the Republican party. He was also a devout Presbyterian. -
Charles A. Lindbergh
He rose to fame when he flew is monoplane, in the world's first non-stop flight from New York to Paris. Despite objecting American involvement in WW2, he flew 50 combat missions. He assisted Eisenhower in selecting cities for Air-Bases and later in his life became involved in environmental issues. -
Stock Market Crash "Black Tuesday"
The wall street stock market crash of 1929, or also known as "Black Tuesday," was the most devastating stock market crash in all of the US. This is only applicable when taking into account all of the devastating and long lasting after-affects. -
The Great Depression
It was the longest and most depressing economic turn-down in the history of the western industrialized world. It began after the stock market crash of 1929 and lasted until 1939. It took many attempts and ideas but after 10 years it finally ended. New Deal programs helped to cease the depression, and they were institutionalized by FDR. -
Harlem Renaissance
This was a time period where cultural, social, and artistic ideas exploded. It took place in Harlem between the end of WW2 and the end of the 1930's. -
Securities and Exchange Commission
This agency basically oversees all national laws for security and certain economical issues. It oversees things like; enforcing the federal securities laws, proposing securities rules, and regulating the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other activities and organizations, including the electronic securities markets in the United States. This is an important group because without it the laws would be a mess. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Roosevelt was the 32nd president of the US. He was one of the most important and popular figures during the GD, because he instituted a new system called, The New Deals. The New Deals were a set of groups and corporations that improved the social and economical stand-stills of the 1920's-1930's. -
"Relief, Recovery, Reform"
- Relief - Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration.
- Recovery - "Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand.
- Reform - Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters.
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The New Deal
By 1932, the economic status of the US was very bleak. Roosevelt introduced his ideas withe The New Deal, with the intention of improving these issues and preventing them from happening again. His attempts were successful and he went down as one of the most influential and important presidents in US history, next to Obama. -
20th Amendment
This amendment outlined when and how a president would be elected. It also determined how long their rein would be. It was made in 1933 and on the 23 of a month called January. -
Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)
This was an act signed by president Roosevelt, furthermore, creating the TVA as a federal organization. The organization was asked to combat the problems associated with the "valley". Problems such as flooding, providing electricity, and replanting forests. -
21st Amendment
It was an administration of the horrible failure of the prohibition acts. Which led to people disrespecting the law and criminals doing well selling alcohol or "bootlegging". -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation(FDIC)
This corporation insures deposits of up to $250,000. They promote public confidence by insuring the public's deposits, per insured bank, for each ownership category. They were created to but an end to thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920's and the early 1930's. -
The Dust Bowl
A period of severe dust storms that were due to an abundance of dust due to over cultivating crops. It affected US and Canadian prairies and the states that were most affected were: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas. -
Social Security Administration(SSA)
A law enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935 to create a system of transfer payments in which younger, working people support older, retired people. -
Dorothea Lange
She photographed unemployed men wondering the streets and brought about awareness of the homeless issues during the 1920's. In her early years, she contracted polio and was left with a noticeably weakened left leg. Her comment on the matter was that “It was the most important thing that happened to me, and formed me, guided me, instructed me, helped me and humiliated me." -
Eleanor Roosevelt
She was the first lady to FDR and served as his faithful companion and was a leader in her own right and was involved any numerous humanitarian causes all throughout her life. She was born into a wealthy New York family. Her and FDR had five children together.
