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The First Fleet leave Great Britian on their exciting voyage to find New Holland. (Australia) The Fleet consisted of 8 ships. Two Royal Navy escort ships namely HMS Sirius and HMS Supply. There was 6 convict transport ships called Alexander, Charlotte, Friendship, Lady Penrhyn, Prince of Wales and Scarborough.
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The First Fleet arrived at Port Jackson, Botany Bay, Australia in 1788 on the 18th of January.
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Captian Philip and Captian Hunter have found a suitable spot for the settlement and has directed the place to the fleet who immediately came. Captian Philip claims Australia for the British by raises the flag at their new settlement. This is now why we celebrate Australia Day on this day.
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Settled in 1788 and discorvered by Captian James Cook on the 10 October 1774, Norfolk Island. The settlement was abandoned in 1814. Norfolk island was uninhabited for 10 years. When it reopened it was made the location of the worst convicts.
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A man named James Daley reported finding gold near Port Jackson. He was demended to lead a guard to the gold and that if there wasn't any gold his pealty would be death. After that Daley gave in and told the guard that there was no gold. Daley received 100 lashes instead of death.
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Philip Schaeffer was the first man to migrate freely to New South Wales to start a farm.The governor encouraged free settlers to migrate too.
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On the 3 of June another ship that was making its way inland was spotted of Plymouth. It was identified as Lady Juliana and was followed by Justianian on the 20 June. The Justianian was supplied with lots of food and other supplies.
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Very little attention was put into Newcastle, until John Shortland wandered there in search of escaped prisoners. He found large quantity of coal there. Mining was started there and the coal was shipped to Bengal.Governor King ordered new settlement at the banks of the Hunter River in 1801. Turns out convicts didn't make good miners so the mine was made poorly which forced abandonment.
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The Third Fleet left England early 1791. It included 10 covict transport ships and 1 escort ship namely HMS Gorgon carrying supplies. The fleet arrived at Port Jackson between the 9 July and 16 October.
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On March 1821 Governor Macquarie ordered Captain Francis Allmen to sail to Hastlings River where Francis set up a new settlement for the convicts from Newcastle.
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Moreton Bay was spotted whe Cook sailed past it in 1770. In 1823 John Oxley entered the bay too find a large river that three escaped covicts told him about. He found it and called it Brisbane RIver after Govenor Brisbane.At the Northern part of the bay a lieutentant by the name of Miller found unsuitable land to make a settlement. Moreton Bay was notorious for its brutality. All the worst convicts from Sydney were dumped here.
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Western Australia was the last state to get covicts. It was established in 1829 by Captian Charles Fremantle. Charles claimed the western part for Britian on 2 May. The number of convict transports started decreasing yearly.
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South Australia was colonised in 1836 by Governor John Hindmarsh.
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The Gold Rush is a giant part of Australian History. It was started by two women named Mrs Kennedy and Mrs Farrell who found gold near their house in Bathrust. As soon as the word got out about the gold, peope from all over the world came because they thought it a quick way to get rich.
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The gold rush brought many people from ofther countries to mine. The population almost tripled in Australia. Many cultures from around the world were introduced during this period. Australia became a multicultural society.
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Known as the Garden State Victoria was named after Her Majesty Queen Victoria. Victoria's first settlement was made in 1803 at Sullivan Bay.
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The first piece of gold found in Victoria was found in 1851. It began at the Clunes gold field and then spread to the neighbouring gold fields in Buninyong and Ballarat.
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Queensland was established in 1859 and is commonly known as the Sunshine State. It was discovered by Willem Janszoon in 1606.
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The last covict transsport that was sent to Western Australia was on the 9 January 1868 on the Hougoumomt
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Van Diemen's land is one of the most important penal settlement to New South Wales.The First white man on the island was Abel Tasman in 1642. Abel named it after Anthony Van Diemen, the general of the Dutch East Indies. In 1803 Abel Tasman feared that the Fench were colonising on Van Diemen's land too.
