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Period: to
Causes of WW2
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National Socialist Party
Adolf Hitler becomes leader of National Socialist (Nazi) Party, -
Germany admitted to League of Nations.
League of Nations- An association of countries established in 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles to promote international cooperation and achieve international peace and security. It was powerless to stop Italian, German, and Japanese expansionism leading to World War II and was replaced by the United Nations in 1945. -
Stock Market on Wall Street crashes.
The Wall Street Crash was the U.S. Stock Market crash which precipitated a world-wide collapse of share values and triggered the Great Depression – 10 years of economic slump with catastrophic levels of unemployment across all the industrialised countries apart from the Soviet Union. -
Germans elect Nazis in German federal election making them the 2nd largest political party in Germany.
Despite losing 10 seats, the Social Democratic Party of Germany remained the largest party in the Reichstag, winning 143 of the 577 seats, whilst the Nazi Party dramatically increased its number of seats from 12 to 107. -
Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany.
Chancellor:
-A senior state or legal official.
-The head of the government in some European countries, such as Germany. -
Nazi Party declared Germany's only political party.
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Germany quits the League of Nations.
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Nazis murder Austrian Chancellor Dollfuss.
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German President Hindenburg dies
Hindenburg enjoyed a long career in the Prussian Army, retiring in 1911. He was recalled at the outbreak of World War I, and first came to national attention, at the age of 66, as the victor at Tannenberg in 1914. As Germany's Chief of the General Staff from 1916, he and his deputy, Erich Ludendorff, rose in the German public's esteem until Hindenburg came to eclipse the Kaiser(German Emperor)himself .Hindenburg retired again in 1919, but returned one more time in 1925 to be elected as president -
Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany.
Führer literally means “leader” in German. This title was used to refer to Adolf Hitler, head of the Nazi German state from 1934–1945 and was one of his official titles until his death in 1945. -
Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles by introducing military conscription.
Conscription- Compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the military Treaty of Versailles -the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers(]U.K, France and the Russian Empire and British dominions such as Australia) in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans. -
German Jews stripped of rights by Nuremberg Race Laws.
The Nuremberg Race Laws of 1935 deprived German Jews of their rights of citizenship, giving them the status of "subjects" in Hitler's Reich. The laws also made it forbidden for Jews to marry or have sexual relations with Aryans or to employ young Aryan women as household help. (An Aryan being a person with blond hair and blue eyes of Germanic heritage.) -
German troops occupy the Rhineland.
After World War I, as part of the Versailles Treaty, Germany was forced to dimilitarize the Rhineland, an area of land between Germany and France, as a protection for France who had been invaded during WWI. -
Mussolini's Italian forces take Ethiopia.
Italo-Ethiopian War, an armed conflict that resulted in Ethiopia's subjection to Italian rule. Often seen as one of the episodes that prepared the way for World War II, the war demonstrated the ineffectiveness of the League of Nations when League decisions were not supported by the great powers. -
Civil war erupts in Spain.
The Spanish Civil War was fought from 18July 1936 to 1 April 1939 between the Republicans, who were loyal to the established Spanish republic, and the Nationalists, a rebel group led by General Francisco Franco. The Nationalists prevailed and Franco would rule Spain as dictator for the next 36 years. -
Franco declared head of Spanish State.
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Soviet leader Josef Stalin begins a purge of Red Army generals.
The Great Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and murder in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1937 to 1939.It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials, repression of peasants, Red Army leadership, and the persecution of unaffiliated persons, characterized by widespread police surveillance, widespread suspicion of "saboteurs", imprisonment, and arbitrary executions. -
Hitler reveals war plans during Hossbach Conference.
Adolf Hitler held a secret conference in the Reich Chancellery during which he revealed his plans for the acquisition of Lebensraum, or living space, for the German people at the expense of other nations in Europe. -
Germany announces 'Anschluss' (union) with Austria.
Austria was annexed into the German Third Reich on 12 March 1938. There had been several years of pressure by supporters from both Austria and Germany (by both Nazis and non-Nazis) for the "Heim ins Reich" movement. Earlier, Nazi Germany had provided support for the Austrian National Socialist Party (Austrian Nazi Party) in its bid to seize power from Austria's Austrofascist leadership. -
German military mobilizes.
Mobilizes: (of a country or its government) Prepare and organize (troops) for active service. -
British Prime Minister Chamberlain appeases Hitler at Munich.
The policy of settling international quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation and compromise, thereby avoiding the resort to an armed conflict which would be expensive, bloody, and possibly dangerous. -
German troops occupy the Sudetenland; Czech government resigns.
Sudetenland is the German name used to refer to those northern, southwest, and western areas of Czechoslovakia which were inhabited mostly by ethnic Germans, specifically the border districts of Bohemia, Moravia, and those parts of Silesia located within Czechoslovakia -
Kristallnacht - The Night of Broken Glass.
A massive, coordinated attack on Jews throughout the German Reich on the night of November 9, 1938, into the next day, has come to be known as Kristallnacht or The Night of Broken Glass. -
Nazis take Czechoslovakia.
German occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945) began with the Nazi annexation of Czechoslovakia's northern and western border regions, known collectively as the Sudetenland, under terms outlined by the Munich Agreement. Adolf Hitler's pretext for this effort was the alleged privations suffered by the ethnic German population living in those regions. New and extensive Czechoslovak border fortifications were also located in the same area. -
Nazis sign 'Pact of Steel' with Italy.
The Pact consisted of two parts: the first section was an open declaration of continuing trust and cooperation between Germany and Italy while the second, a "Secret Supplementary Protocol" encouraged a union of policies concerning the military and economy. However, certain members of the Italian government, including the signatory Ciano, were opposed to the Pact. -
Nazis and Soviets sign Pact.
German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop contacted the Soviets to arrange a deal. Ribbentrop met with the Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov in Moscow and together they arranged two pacts - the economic agreement and the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact. -
Britain and Poland sign a Mutual Assistance Treaty
The Polish-British Common Defence Pact was an annex to the Franco-Polish Military Alliance signed on August 25, 1939 between representatives of the United Kingdom and Poland. The pact contained promises of mutual military assistance between the nations in the event either was attacked by Nazi Germany, which presented an immediate threat to Poland at the time. The United Kingdom, sensing a dangerous trend of German expansionism, sought to prevent German aggression by this show of solidarity. -
British fleet mobilizes; Civilian evacuations begin from London.
The evacuation of civilians in Britain during the Second World War was designed to save civilians in Britain, particularly children, from the risk of the aerial bombing of cities, by moving them to areas thought to be less at risk. Operation Pied Piper, which began on 1 September 1939, officially relocated more than 3.5 million people. Further waves of official evacuation and re-evacuation occurred from the South and East coast in June 1940. -
Nazis invade Poland
