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Industrial Revolution
Britain began industrializing in the 1770s and the first American factory began production in 1790. As the importance of skilled labor declined, workers had a harder time influencing working conditions. -
Period: to
Cotton Revolutionizes the South
Eli Whitney invents the Cotton Gin (1793). enormous expansion of cotton production. stimulated the economy. most exported which paid for European products. Northern merchants provided transportation. cotton boom revived the interstate slave trade -
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Development of transportation
-steamboat
-improved highways and bridges
-canals -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Marshall ruled that congress had the power to establish the (2nd) national bank, and that no state bank had the authority to tax an instrument of the national government employed in executing constitutional powers -
Lowell-Waltham System
System of employing young, unmarried women in textile mills. They would live in boarding house--almost like college except working all day. Women came from farms all over New England to earn some money for a year or two. Working conditions declined and women were finding better jobs as teachers. Immigrants became the new labor force -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Ogden had a NY monopoly on steamboat travel but Gibbons had a federal license and wanted to operate. Marshall ruled in favor of Gibbons. Regulation of navigation of steam boat operators for the purpose of interstate commerce was reserved for congress