Annotated Timeline

  • Missouri Compromise

    Missouri entered as a slave state, Maine as free. Slavery was banned north in the Louisiana territory.
    It delayed conflict but showed growing divisions over Slavery.
  • Manifest Destiny

    Americans believed they were destined to expand westward across the continent. Expansion raised conflicts over whether slavery would spread
  • King Cotton

    The South's economy relied on Cotton and slavery. Southerners believed Cotton made them powerful.
    It fueled Southern confidence and resistance to ending slavery
  • Texas Annexation

    The U.S. added Texas, a slaveholding republic, leading to tensions with Mexico.
    It expanded slavery westward and led to war with Mexico.
  • Mexican-American War (1846-1848)

    The U.S. defeated Mexico and gained land in the Southwest, raising slavery debates.
    The new land reignited the fight over slavery's expansion.
  • Compromise of 1850

    California entered as free, new territories used popular sovereignty. A stricter Fugitive Slave Act was passed.
    It increased tensions, especially in the North over returning escaped slaves
  • Fugitive Slave Act

    Required citizens to return escaped slaves and denied fugitives a trial.
    Enraged Northerners and increased anti-slavery sentiment.
  • Dred Scott v. Sandford

    The Court ruled African Americans weren't citizens and Congress couldn't ban slavery in the territories.
    The decision angered Northerners and made Compromise harder
  • Harper's Ferry

    Abolitionist John Brown led a failed raid on a federal arsenal to start a slave revolt.
    It scared the South and depended sectional division
  • Election of 1860

    Lincoln won without Southern support. The South saw him as a threat to slavery.
    Southern states seceded soon after, leading to war.