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1763 Royal Proclamation
The Royal Proclamation is a document that has guidelines for European settlement for Aboriginal territories in what is now what we call North America. King George III was the original user of the Royal Proclamation. -
1830 Reserve System
Reserves were originally meant to free up land for settlers and immigrants from Europe. The aboriginal people were told to take up farming instead of hunting which was traditional to aboriginals. Their attempt of farming were made hard because most reserves had soil that was not suitable for farming. They also traded land for tools but the tools weren’t good for farming and this caused hunger for many native people. -
Aboriginal Right To Universal Suffrage
Aboriginals were finally allowed to vote in the federal election. Aboriginals were given the right to vote but to gain the right to vote aboriginals would have to lose their “Indian Status” and their rights to live on reserves. Many aboriginals were afraid to vote because of loss of historical rights and “Indian Status”. -
National Indian Brotherhood & Native Council of Canada Formed
In 1961 the National Indian Council, and National Indian Brotherhood were created to represent indigenous people of Canada such as, status Indians, non-status Indians, and the Metis. -
White Paper
White Paper
White Paper Was a Canadian government policy paper that addressed the issues facing aboriginals in Canada. The Paper proposed to abolish reserves and an end to special status for aboriginals. -
Residential School System Abolished but not all Closed
United church of Canada and several catholic religious orders accepted responsibilities for the harmful practices in residential schools. People have been awarded compensation for the sexual, emotional, and physical abuse that they suffered in residential schools and many lawsuits are still ongoing.
As a result, the residential schools started shutting down and eventually all closed down by 1980. -
Movement Toward Self Government
With all the work that the assembly of first nations put into raising awareness for aboriginal people, aboriginal rights become more clearly recognized, and aboriginal people started to submit land claims. By 1975 hit, the declaration of the first nations was out, which had the rights of nationhood and self-government. -
Assembly of the First Nations
The assembly is modelled after the United Nations General Assembly. The first nations tribes in the national Assembly were represented by their chiefs. This assembly came from and ended up replacing the National Indian Brotherhood. The organization was there to protect and advance the aboriginals and treaty rights which included health, education, culture, and language. -
Passing of the bill C-31
The bill was to bring the indian act into line with gender equality on the Canadian Charter of rights and Freedoms. It made changed to different parts of the indian act, including changes to indian status and band membership. They had three main goals: to address gender discrimination of the Indian Act, to restore Indian status to those who lost it due to discriminatory provisions, and to allow bands to control their own band membership as a step towards self-government. -
Meech Lake
Elijah Harper came to national prominence for his opposition to the Meech Lake Accord. He started the delays in the Manitoba legislature that threatened to extend the vote beyond 23 June 1990, the deadline established for the accord. The Manitoba premier, Gary Filmon, needed all the MLAs to approve the procedure, but Harper would not give his consent. He stated that the First Nations had not been consulted. The accord collapsed because the deadline passed. -
Oka Stand off
This was an argument over land between a group of Mohawk people and the town of the town of Oka, Quebec. The was ti be an expansion of a golf course and condos. This expansion was set to go on top of a Mohawk burial ground. In the end the expansion did not happen. -
Gustafsen Lake BC
The first nations people in this area wanted to perform the sun dance at a specific location because the elders had seen it in a vision, but this land was owned by someone. They made an agreement with the owner that once a year for 4 years they could use the location. When the first nations started living on the land problems arose. A standoff between the First Nations and the RCMP lasted 31 days until the last shots were fired. They ended up going to court to resolve the problem. -
Ipperwash Ontario
The Ipperwash Crisis was a disagreement over Native land. Members of the Stoney Point Ojibway band had took residence here to protect and try and get back the land that was taken away from them in WWII. -
Delgamuluukw Case
This case conserved the land rights of First Nations. The Supreme court of Canada recognized that the title to the land was constituted an ancestral right protected by Section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982. -
Statement of Reconciliation Issued In 1998
This was an apology to the First Nations children who had to go through residential schools. -
The Nisga'a Treaty
This is a negotiated agreement between the Nisga'a nation, BC, and Canada. The agreement stated that the Nass River valley was recognized as Nisg̱a'a land. -
Creation of Nunavut
Nunavut separated from the Northwest territories and became the newest Canadian territory. This became the largest aboriginal land claims between First Nations and the Canadian government.
