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James Oglethorpe settles an area in Savannah and names the area Georgia for King George. The Board of Trustees chartered and funding the colonization of Georgia for charity and economical reasons. In regards to charity, it was a colony where debtors could live and pay off their debts by working the land. Economically, the Trustees wanted Georgia to produce silk and wine, however the soil was not meant for those crops. Instead, Georgia was success at producing cotton.
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The Board of Trustees has prohibited slavery in Georgia, but due to the slaves coming with their owners from the Carolinas and taking more land, the Trustees allowed slavery for Georgia colonists in order to produce more exports. The more people you have, the more lands those people received.
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Georgia is the only colony to not attend the 1st Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Georgia decided to not attend the meeting due to attacks from Creek Indians at the time and that they were unsure of their stance on the Revolution.
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Eli Whitney created a machine that would pick the seeds out of cotton while in Georgia. It cut down the labor time creating a need for more cotton and therefore more slaves to work the fields. Cotton was the greatest product that Georgia produced.
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The Creek War broke out in 1813 between the Creek Indians and the residents of Georgia, Alabama, and Florida. The Creeks, who sided with the British during the War of 1812, lost against the states. As a result, the Creeks lost most of their lands to Georgia, Alabama, and Florida.
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In 1828, gold was discovered in North Georgia bringing thousands of people flocking to Georgia to become rich. The Indian lands were being overtaken by new white settlers and forced to move from their own lands. The Superior Court ruled that Georgia has no right over land that did not belong to the state, but the state took land anyways to provide homes for new citizens.
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Signed by President Andrew Jackson
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After the Creek War, the Creek Indians were fleeing south when they took hold of some land in Chickasawauchee Swamp in Baker County, GA. The Georgia militia easily overcame the 300 warriors with 500 militia men, causing the Indians to flee yet again, this time to Florida.
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Georgia banned slave owners from freeing their property from slavery in their last will and testaments upon the slave owner's death. Georgia saw slaves as property that could be sold for profit after an owner's death.
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The Battle of Chickamauga was the first major battle fought in Georgia during the Civil War. It was a confederate win and had the second highest casualties, behind Gettysburg.
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War started when a battle occurred at Fort Sumter, SC
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Union forces captured Confederate stronghold near Tybee Island, GA. The capture of the fort ended up closing off Savannah as a confederate port. Fort Pulaski still stands today and can be toured.
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President Abraham Lincoln read his executive order, The Emancipation Proclamation, that gave all slaves in ten states their freedom.
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The Battle of Kennesaw Mountain was part of the Atlanta Campaign on General Sherman's list. It was a confederate victory, however did not halt Sherman from continuing his march South.
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The Battle of Atlanta was fought in Atlanta between the Confederate and Union soldiers during the Civil War. General Sherman wanted to shut down the rails and hub that provided items to the Confederacy. This Unions triumph began Sherman's March to the Sea.
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The Battle of Lovejoy Station was fought on what now is known as Nash Farms. It was confederate victory. The General for the Union, Kirkpatrick, burned most of the supplies and the tracks, the railroad was up and running again in two days.
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General Sherman, of the North, marched into Georgia headed for Savannah, destroying most major cities with fire. His march almost completely destroyed crops, the Confederate economy and transportation, and much of the cities infrastructures. General Sherman's march was a major success for the Union and a turning point in the war.
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Coca Cola is first introduced to consumers at Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta. Coca Cola became a huge company and a household name all over the country. The inventor, Dr. John S. Pemberton, was a pharmacist.
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Jim Crow Laws were created by many Southern states to segregate citizens by color. The laws called for separate train cars, water fountains, and education. Jim Crow laws were put in place by citizens who could not relinquish their superiority to black citizens after the Civil War.
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US Supreme Court upheld state laws of "separate by equal."
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Sam Hose, an African American, killed his employer after a wage argument in Newnan, GA. Hose was later lynched and dismembered as punishment. In the height of the Jim Crow era, I feel as though this case is different than the others as Hose, a free man, had killed his employer, and admitted to it and was hanged as a result, compared to others being hanged for no reason.
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Boll weevil infestations all but completely destroy cotton crops in Georgia. The infestations caused the major export to become unprofitable for the next few years.
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Margaret Mitchell published her novel "Gone with the Wind" in 1936 that depicts the lives of those who were affected by General Sherman's March to the Sea. The novel was eventually made into a movie that was filmed in Clayton County, Georgia in 1939. Mitchell ended up winning a Pulitzer Prize in Fiction for the novel.
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Atlanta mayor, Roy Legraw, resigns from being mayor in order to fight in World War II. Legraw was a Lt. Colonel in the National Guard. This shows that even a politician, who could have stayed mayor and let others fight, was brave enough to fight for his country.
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Hank Aaron was signed by the Braves in 1952. The MLB was letting African Americans play in the major league. Hank Aaron became one of the best Braves players to this date and a homerun hitter.
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The Civil Rights Movements began in Alabama when Rosa Parks, a black woman, refused to give up her seat to a white male. The Movement affected the South greatly by pushing against Jim Crow Laws and segregation. Atlanta had massive protests and sit ins, often involving Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Georgia was filled with tension as Civil Rights leaders and Klu Klux Clan members fought head to head.
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Atlanta, Georgia hosted the 26th annual Summer Olympics.
On July 27th, there was a bombing that killed two onlookers of the games. The bomb was created by Eric Robert Rudolph, who wanted to cancel the Olympics and was deemed a domestic terrorist. -
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T.J. Soloman, a 15 year old student at Heritage High School in Conyers, GA, opens fire on this classmates. He did not kill anyone, but injured six students. This shooting along with Columbine are some of the many school shootings to impact the U.S.
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Georgia outlawed the use of the electric chair on inmates on receiving the death penalty. It was considered inhumane and instead switched to a faster, more humane option: lethal injection.
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