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Canadian History 1920s & 1930s Timeline
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Prohibition
Alcohol Prohibition was the ban of production and transportation of liquor in all provinces in Canada except for Quebec. It was introduced by the federal government because women groups felt that the production of alcohol was a waste of time and grain, they felt that people should focus their time into producing war supplies and using the grain to feed the soldiers. Prohibition seemed to be working, there was a much lower crime rate but the government was losing million in taxes. -
Spanish Flu
The Spanish Flu AKA Influenza Epidemic is a harmful virus which killed over 50,000 people in Canada. The virus was brought back by soldiers who fought in WWI overseas; the virus caused people to become weak which made them more prone to getting pneumonia. Since there was no cure at the time, to prevent the spread of the Spanish flu many school and churches closed down. The government stepped in 1919 when a “Department of Health” was created. -
Winnipeg General Strike
The Winnipeg General Strike is when building and metal trade industry voted to go on strike. Later Cities across Canada joined together and went on strike for better work conditions; the conditions were decent wages (85 cents an hour), an eight-hour day and the right to bargain collectively for better working conditions. Over 30 000 people in Canada were on strike many stores factories and services were closed. The strike lasted for 37 days, on June 25th 1919 everyone was ordered to go to work. -
League of Indians
The league of Indians was organized by Frederick Loft who was a Mohawk veteran from WWI. The league of Indians was created to fight for the aboriginal rights they wanted the right to vote and to maintain their culture. The Canadian government expected the aboriginals to give up their identity and follow “Canadian culture”. The government placed many law and restrictions but the League of Indians fought on behalf of their people using both political and social concepts. -
Group of Seven
The group of Seven was a group of seven painters named Franklin Carmichael, Lawren Harris, A. Y. Jackson, Franz Johnston, Arthur Lismer, J. E. H. MacDonald, and Frederick Varley. These 7 painters went across Canada mostly northern Ontario and painted Canada’s lovely Landscape. Some of the member also painted some of Canada’s front line battles in WWI. These 7 artists were known as impressionists; which meant they wanted to inspire people to this day they are known around the world. -
Prime Minister: Mackenzie King
William Lyon Mackenzie King was head of liberal party and Prime Minister of Canada from Dec.1921-Jun.1926; Sept.1926-Aug.1930 and again in Oct.1935-Nov.1948. He was born in 1874 in Berlin, Ontario and attended U of T. He was known as an amazing governor to the Canadians because he got though the Depression and reduced Canada's debts in WW2. It could even be debated that he was the best Prime Minister of Canada. -
Assembly Line
The Assembly line was an idea Henry Ford had, He dreamt that everyone had a car and the way to produce this was by mass production so Ford set up an assembly line. In the beginning it was difficult because workers would walk across the assembly line fixing the parts together but as time went by it became easier because there was a conveyor belt. The Assembly line lead to a lot of cars being produced in Canada which helped the economy.
Assembly Line Footage -
Insulin
The discovery of insulin was a big break though in medical history, in 1921 over one million people in North America had diabetes and there was no treatment. Diabetes is when people can’t absorb starch or sugar because they do not have the hormone insulin. Insulin was discovered by 3 Canadaian medical researchers; Frederick Banting, Charles Best and J.B Collip. Banting came up with the idea of extracting insulin from a dog and then injecting it into humans the idea was a success. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
The Chinese Exclusion Act was paaed on July 1 1923 (Humiliation Day) this is when Chinese people were discriminated against and were banned from entering Canada the only Chinese people who were permitted were merchants, students and diplomats. This act was passed because Canada didn’t want to accept non-British people, they were foreigners who couldn’t be trusted and they were hated (Xenophobia) among others. The Act was abolished in 1947 and only 8 Chinese people entered. -
RCAF-Royal Canadian Air Force
The Royal Canadian Air Force is an organization that was created to be used in peaceful situations that could be solved faster in the air. Some of the things that the RCAF did were patrolled for forest fires, looked out for fishing boats and for conducting surveys. The RCAF also kept Canada safe by watching out for smuggling along Canada's coasts. Later on the RCAF was used to send mail across Canada. -
Black Tuesday
Black Tuesday affected everyone across the world this was the day when the stock market crashed. After the WWI many people invested money in the stock market; people would buy stocks when they were cheap & then sold it when prices were high as simple as it sounded the market crashed and many people became broke. The stock market crashed because too many people were selling their stocks. When the stock market crashed it was the start of Great Depression which was difficult time in the 1920's. -
Five Cent Speech
The five cent speech was given by Mackenzie King in the beginning of the "Great Depression", this speech was seen as a big mistake. He said that if there wasn’t Liberal government present in a province, then he wouldn't offer anyone who lost their job "five-cent piece”, hence the title of his speech. This speech had a negative effect toward the liberals in the upcoming election because Richard Bedford Bennett leader conservative party won. -
Prime Minister: R.B. Bennett
Richard Bedford Bennett was the 11th prime minister of Canada and the one after William Lyon Mackenzie King. He was Prime Minster from 1930-1935 and leader of the Conservative party. He was seen a good candidate because he was willing to help the peoples needs. He wanted everyone that was able to work to have a job. He also wanted to give the provinces $20 million as emergency funds & wanted to improve Canadian manufacturing and their business. This made Canadian feel safe. -
Statute of Westminster
The Statute of Westminster is when the British Parliament allowed Canada to make their own laws and regulations. Canada became self-governing country and was finally independent where Britain was not able to pass any laws in Canada. Although they were given power Privy Council in Britain still higher than Supreme Court of Canada.The document was signed in Britain and Canada and for the first time Canada wasn't controlled by another country. -
On-to-Ottawa Trek
In 1932 the Canadian government set up relief camp all across Canada to help men without jobs, in the relief camps the men were given food, shelter and clothes and they would paid 20 cents. In 1935 many of the men in relief camps became sick and tired of not getting paid enough money to support their family so they went to Ottawa to protest against the Canadian government. The protest was called “On-to-Ottawa Trek” many men from across Canada came to protest because they wanted more.
