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With the decline of traditional Hawaiian culture due to European influence and take-over, surfing took a 'dive'.
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In 1851, the Reverend Henry T. Cheever observed surfing at Lahaina, Maui and wrote about it in his book, "Life in the Hawaiian Islands,"
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Mark Twain sailed to the Hawaiian Islands and tried surfing, describing it in Chapter XXXII of his 1866 book Roughing It.