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Republicans and socialists meet to agree to establish a democratic republican regime. They create a Revolutionary Committee to co-ordinate the opposition. They create some strikes, but they´re arrested.
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Niceto Alcalá Zamora was named president of the republic. and Manuel Azaña was named president of the government. Azaña made ambitious reforms, such as the Satute of Autonomy for Cataluña or the agrarian reform. In 1932 General Sanjuro´s coup to stop the reform failed.
In 1933 anarchist labourers occupied the land in Cádiz. -
The king calls the first free elections since 1921.The elections are municipal, but the all people knew that was a referendum to the monarchy. The republicans win in large cities, so Alfonso XIII leaves the country.
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The Republic is proclaimed. Also the Revolutionary Committee becomes the Provisional Republican Government.
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Elections were held in November 1933. Women could vote for her first time. CEDA & PRR won the elections. Some strikes appeared from PSOE accusing CEDA of fascism.
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Anarchists, nationalists and communists made strikes. In Cataluña, they declared itself independent from Spain. In Asturias, miners made a revolt. Was put down by the army. The government was affected by a corruption scandal as well.
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New elections: Left-wing parties joint into the Popular Front. Defended the right to amnesty for the prisioners. Pushed the social reforms.
Radical right-wing parties grew forming the Bloque Nacional and the Falange Española. Popular Front won the elections (60%), so the Parliament replaced Zamora with Azaña as president of the republic. Santiago Casares was the head of the government.
Spanish Army officers began plotting to overthrow the government. Casares ignored this military conspirancy. -
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Very tense atmosphere in the Parliament. Violence on the streets was very worrying, such as some assassinations. Castillo was murdered by the right-wing. They felt bad, so they killed Calvo Sotelo the following day. This brang the military coup. The rebel group was supported by the Carlists and the Fascist Falange.
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On the evening of 17 July, rebel soldiers seized control of their garrisons in Ceuta, Melilla and Tetuán. Civil War started
