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Evidence suggest that Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to North America using the Bering Land Bridge.
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During this time, the Ice Age ended, therefore the Bering Land Bridge is now covered with water.
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People were mainly hunter gatherers, but during this time many people learn how to farm.
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Because of their cold and dangerous climate, the natives built igloos, hide tents, or even huts. Aleut had some houses which were partly underground. Both of these people groups were very similar. They both hunted big animals, they both used the same language, they both made totems (that are images of ancestor or animal spirits on poles), and they both used dogs to pull sleds.
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The Anasazi lived in the Four Corners region. They adapted to live in the hot weather to grow corn and other crops like beans and squash. They were skilled farmers, basket makers, and potters. They also built kivas, or underground ceremonial chambers. It was used for religion and were considered sacred.
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The Olmec Civilization developed the earliest known Civilization. They are especially skilled when it comes to building pyramids and sculpting.
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Rome followed Greece's example, and made a form of democratic government, a republic.
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Athens is the first place to establish a democracy, a government ruled by the people.
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Mayams were very similar to the Olmecs, they both grew maize and other crops. They both also had sculptures and stone pyramids of their gods. The Maya however, made canals to control water flow. No one knows why the Olmec Civilization ended.
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The Soninke were threatened by nomadic herders. Because of this, the farmers banded together, and would later become Ghana. Ghana's rulers gained power by trading gold and salt. Ghana then used its military strength to take over trade routes. They also made traders pay a special tax on the goods carried and the goods he will take away. In 1060 however, Almoravids attacked Ghana and cut off trade routes to convert the leaders of Ghana to Islam. Ghana fell because of this.
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Islam is founded by an Arab named Muhammad. Muhammad claims that he is a prophet of God and that he floated to heaven.
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Pueblos are house made of adobe, which is a heavy clay. Some pueblos were so massive that is can shelter about 1000 people. In order, to protect themselves from enemies they build their homes in canyon walls.
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The Aztecs were known for their superb military strength. Taking advantage of their power, they conquered nearby villages and made a vast trade network.
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The reason for the Anasazi abandoning their villages may be because of possible disease, drought, raids.
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The Songhai Empire gained its independence after the decline of the Kingdom of Mali. Muhammad Ture was one of Songhai's greatest rulers and he became known as Askia the Great. He was a devoted Muslim and many Muslim mosques, libraries, and schools were built under his rule. Songhai however, was invaded by Moroccans when Askia lost power.
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Mali controlled trade on the Niger River. Because of this, the kingdom soon gained wealth. A king named Mansa Musa helped Mali by adding many trade cities, including Timbuktu, which contributed to the growth of the empire. Mansa Musa also spread the word of Islam to West Africa and made schools for studying the Qur'an.
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They started out as a small tribe, but they soon expanded their empire, home to more than 12 million people. They are known for building powerful buildings and forts to defend their empire.
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In 1942, Christopher Columbus tried to cross the Alantic Ocean in an attempt to reach Asia, but does not realize that there is are new continents in front of them, North and South America.
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This was a divided line in which the Spanish could take some land and Portugal could take some land as well in South America. However, the agreement favored the Spanish, so to prevent war the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed, moving the Line 800 miles west.
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The Aztecs were at the height of their power, however, Cortes and his band of conquistadors captured and killed the Aztec leader Moctezuma and this quickly caused the fall of the Aztec Empire. Another conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, also did the same, except with the Incas.
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Martin Luther accused the Catholic Church of being too wealthy and abusing his power. He would later write the ninety-five theses, which would split the Church into the Catholics and the Protestants.
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The English colonies wanted to get rich without having to do too much work. However, Native Americans were dying because of new diseases brought by Europeans. So instead of Native American slaves, they decided to use African ones because they already had immunity to the European diseases.
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In 1519, Ferdinand Magellan attempted to circumnavigate the globe. Although he himself did not make it, his crew was the first to go around he world.
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On May 14, the colonists decided to make their first permanent English settlement in North America. However, life was tough, and due to lack of preparation 2 thirds of the original colonists already died within a year.
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The Mayflower Compact was a legal contract in which people agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good. This was extremely significant because it was one of the first attempts of self-governments.
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Lord Baltimore made a bill called the Toleration Act of 1649 to reduce tensions between different denominations of Christians. It was also the first law supporting religious tolerance among the English colonies.
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The English fleet captured New Amsterdam and New Netherland without firing a single shot. New Netherland became New York. New Amsterdam become New York City.
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Nowadays, people take corn for granted. Corn starch, corn syrup, corn flakes, and many other things corn. We should however, remember that corn was only brought to Europe because of the Mesoamerican and South American empires. Without corn, many things that existed today would not exist. Corn is now the most widely used food in the world (both direct and indirect use).
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America is nowadays one of the greatest countries around, but this was mainly due, sadly, to slavery. Without slavery, the Americans would not be as wealthy as they are today. Also, although abolished, slavery still exists today due to the non-existence of law enforcement. Child labor is a huge problem that is still yet to be solved today.
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Nowadays religious tension is everywhere. People will always be bickering among others or themselves. The Toleration Act of 1649 restricting religious rights of Christians, but it was not foolproof, people like the Crusaders conquer people in God's name, and nowadays ISIS also attacks many major buildings in God's name as well.
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The Plains is a huge grassland, and the Blackfoot and Arapaho hunted them using various tricks like chasing them over cliffs or trapping them with fire. They used buffalo skins to make materials like shields, clothing, and teepees. Teepees needed to be easily maneuverable so they can take it down to go someplace else with lots of food. The Mandan and Pawnee were mainly farmers. The Pawnee people are matrillineal. Note: The date is unknown.
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Eastern North America has a lot of food and sources of shelter. All these people groups mainly survived by farming, hunting, gathering plants, and fishing. The Iroquois are a people group that created and alliance known as the "Iroquois League" with one goal, to strengthen the alliance against invasion. Note: Year of timespan in unknown.