The Great Depression By huntlucas16 Jan 1, 1919 Germany sign the Treaty of Versailles Mar 11, 1920 An average of 600 banks fail each year Jan 1, 1922 Mussolini takes over in Italy Mar 11, 1923 Supreme Court nullifies minimum wage for women in District of Columbia. Mar 11, 1924 The stock market begins its spectacular rise. Bears little relation to the rest of the economy. Mar 11, 1925 The value of farmland falls 30 to 40 percent between 1920 and 1929. Mar 11, 1925 The top tax rate is lowered to 25 percent - the lowest top rate in the eight decades since World War I. Mar 11, 1926 The middle class comprises only 15 to 20 percent of all Americans. Mar 11, 1928 The construction boom is over. Mar 11, 1928 Farmers' share of the national income has dropped from 15 to 9 percent since 1920. Mar 8, 1929 World Economy Crisis Mar 11, 1929 Herbert Hoover becomes President. Hoover is a staunch individualist but not as committed to laissez-faire ideology as Coolidge. Mar 11, 1929 More than half of all Americans are living below a minimum subsistence level Mar 8, 1931 Rising nationalism in Europe and Japan Mar 8, 1933 Hitler takes power Mar 8, 1933 FDR is elected US President Mar 11, 1933 Roosevelt inaugurated; begins "First 100 Days" of intensive legislative activity. Mar 11, 1933 U.S. goes off the gold standard. Mar 11, 1934 Sweden becomes the first nation to recover fully from the Great Depression. Mar 11, 1934 Congress passes the Securities and Exchange Act and the Trade Agreement Act. Mar 8, 1935 Neutrality Act Mar 11, 1935 The Supreme Court declares the National Recovery Administration to be unconstitutional. Mar 11, 1935 Economic recovery continues: the GNP grows another 8.1 percent, and unemployment falls to 20.1 percent. Mar 8, 1936 Hitler put military to Rhineland Mar 11, 1936 Top tax rate raised to 79 percent. Mar 11, 1937 Roosevelt seeks to enlarge and therefore liberalize the Supreme Court. This attempt not only fails, but outrages the public. Mar 11, 1938 Britain becomes the third nation to recover as it begins deficit spending in preparation for war. Mar 8, 1939 Hitler and Stalin start WW2