-
The Japanese invasion of Manchuria was in the year 1931. This invasion led to the start of Japanese aggression against China & Indochina. Japan wanted to establish a Japanese sphere of economic domination, in order to solve economic problems through expansion.
-
Battle of the Bulge was the end of the German offensive and the start of the Nazi. After the Battle of the Bulge Americans, French, and British marched towards Berlin from the west.
-
The Munich Pact was the agreement of the British and France where the agreed-upon letting Hitler take more land as an exchange for his agreement to seek no more territory after that concession. Hitler later broke the pact no less than six months later. He continued to take territory causing the European policy of appeasement to come to an end.
-
Kristallnacht was known as the " night of broken glass". This was when the Nazis in Germany torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools, and businesses. Also killed nearly 100 Jews. They were reported but little to no action was taken.
-
Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The invasion of Poland led to France and Britain declaring war on Germany. Germany used the strategy of a blitzkrieg to quickly invade France and launched air raids on Britain.
-
The Neutrality Act of 1949 was passed by Congress to stop the United States from being involved in the war and to maintain its front of isolationism. Not only did it stop the US from going to war but FDR from responding to the war aggressively. The polices that came along with this act was: Cash and Carry, Destroyers-for bases deal Lend-Lease.
-
The Lend-Lease Act was where the United States lend or sold goods and supplies to the allies to protect our interests. The U.S. Navy was associated with an undeclared naval war by the summer of 1941 while trying to protect shipment to allies.
-
The Atlantic Charter was a document signed by FDR and Winston Churchill. In the written document it validates self-reliance and the international system of general security.
-
Executive Order 8822 was issued by FDR to prohibit ethnic or racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry. Executive Order 8822 was passed because of an African American leader, A. Philip Randolph threatened to organize a march on Washington for equal access to war-time jobs.
-
The Atlantic Conference was a conference organized by Churchill and FDR. This signing was held because they wanted tp strengthen the alliance between the US & Great Britain, so they did so by signing the Atlantic Charter.
-
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise attack. The attack was in response to the United States embargoes. FDR states while giving his speech that the attack on Pearl Harbor will be, "a date which will live in infamy,”.
-
FDR issued Executive Order 9066, this order authorized the internment of Americans of Japanese descent and resident aliens from Japan. Japanese Americans were placed in internment camps by executive order 9066 due to fear.
-
The Battle of Midway stopped the Japanese advance and cause them to become defensive. The tension between Japanese soldiers at Iwo Jima and Okinawa showed that they weren't going to give in and surrender. The United States then thought it would be a good idea to get the Soviet Union involved in helping to invade Japan.
-
Operation Torch was the invasion of North Africa. This happened in order to free the Mediterranean Sea from German control and protect the oil fields in the Middle East.
-
D-Day aka the invasion of Normandy took place on June 6, 1944. During the invasion, it provided the long-awaited western front. After this Germany was then engaged on three fronts and had to turn to resources to a western front.
-
Fred Korematsu was a Japanese man who refused to leave his home due to Executive Order 9066. Korematsu took his case to court because he felt like the internment violated his Constitutional rights. He lost the case the Supreme Court upheld Japanese internment as Constitutional.
-
FDR, Churchill, and Stalin organized the Yalta Conference. This event happened due to the fact that they wanted to arrange final plans for the defeat of Europe & began a discussion of post-war European Plans.
-
The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was caused by the choices of President Truman when he decided that he wanted to drop the atomic bombs on the two territories. He did this because he wanted to prevent the necessity for landing and fighting on the Japanese home islands. Once he did this, it causes Japan to surrender with no invasion necessary. After all of this, the United States decided to help rebuild Japan, and become an ally.
-
The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization, its task was to promote international cooperation and to create a maintains international order. In June 1950 communist North Korea invaded South Korea. This was planned by the Soviet Union, President Truman believes, and he wanted the United Nations to take action. The United Nation voted unanimously in demand a ceasefire and support 'police action' to defend South Korea.
-
The Nuremberg Trail developed the precedent that individuals responsible for their own actions for future trails of war crimes. The conviction of Nazis didn't bring an end to genocide throughout the world.
-
The Truman Doctrine was a pledge to contain communism throughout Europe. This pledge was first applied once the US military and financial aid to Greece and Turkey in order to resist the communist-backed rebel forces there.
-
The Marshall Plan was when the United States offered financial aid as a way to promote economic rebuilding and try to prevent the fall of the European countries and communism. The Marshall Plan is also known as the Economic Recovery Plan of 1948. This plan was proposed by Secretary of State George Marshall.
-
Israel is established in the late 1940s. The United States supported the self-determination of the Jewish people with the Jewish state of Israel. Not only that, but the US recognized Israel as a homeland for Jews.
-
The United States won its first cold war because of the Berlin Airlift. The Berlin Airlift helps the United States supply the citizens of Berlin with food, water, and other necessities through air drops.
-
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was an organization for a military alliance aimed towards the Soviet Union. In response to the US, the Soviet Union established a military alliance with East European nations against NATO, called the Warsaw Pact.
-
Not much later after the Soviet Union developed the Warsaw Pact, they then tested the first atomic bomb in August of 1949. The testing of the nuclear weapon led the United States to accelerate the development of the hydrogen bomb and began a nuclear arms race.
-
The Korean Conflict was when the Northside of Korea invaded South Korea. Truman administration believed this invasion had been orchestrated by the Soviet Union and urged the United Nations to immediately take action. As the US approached the China border Communist Chinese forces attacked and pushed the US back to the 38th parallel. Peace negotiations ended with North Korean forces contained above the 38th parallel, a victory for containment. More than 35,000 Americans lives were lost.
-
When the Soviet Union launched the Sputnik it started the space race. Not only did it start the space race but the second round of red scare. The launching of Sputnik resulted in an increased emphasis on quality education, especially in science and math.
-
As a result of the launching of Sputnik, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act. This act was placed in place to, counteract the fear that consumerism had made Americans less competitive and less likely to win the arms race and promote math and science skills.
-
Berlin became divided after World War II into East the Soviet zone and West the Allied zones. The city was eventually physically divided by the Berlin Wall in August of 1961. This then became a symbol of a Cold War. This causes separation in East & West Germany and keeps people of the eastern bloc from escaping to freedom in the west through Berlin.
-
The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in December 1979. The Soviet Union did this because they wanted to prop up a friendly government. The US supported the Afghanistan movement of resistance in secret due to its containment policy.
-
The Berlin Wall fell in 1989, and this was considered to be the end of the Cold War. Although it was many events leading up to the end of the Cold War, the falling of the wall happened to be on more reason added. After the wall fell, the Soviet Union collapsed in the year 1991.