Fascist Italy invades, conquers, and annexes Ethiopia
Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treaty of cooperation
Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pack directed again the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement
Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific
Germany incorporates Austria in the Anschluss
Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich Agreement which forces the Czechoslovak Republic to cede the Sudetenland
Under German pressure, the Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic. The Germans occupy the rump Czech lands in violation of the Munich agreement, forming a Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
France and Great Britain guarantee the integrity of the borders of the Polish State
Fascist Italy invades and annexes Albania
Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression agreement and a secret codicil dividiing eastern Europe into spheres of influence
Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe
Honoring their guarantee of Poland's borders, Great Britain and France declare war on Germany
The Soviet Union invades Poland from the east
Warsaw surrenders on September 27. The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them
The Soviet Union invades Finland.
Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrenders on the day of the attack; Norway holds out until June 9.
Germany attacks Western Europe
Italy enters the war. Italy invades southern France on June 21
The air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany
The Soviet Union occupies the Baltic States on June 14-18 engineering Communist coup d'etats in each of them on July 14-15
The Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to the Soviet Ukraine
The Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya.
Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact
Italy invades Greece from Albania on October 28
Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania join the Axis
The Germans send the Africa Korps to North Africa to reinforce the faltering Italians