-
Chinese history begins with the succession of family dynasties, headed by the Shang dynasty. Their contributions produced a stunning culture. Aside from their excellent work in bronze and silk working, this dynasty was the first to leave written records of their history.
-
-
After the Shang dynasty was overthrown, the Zhou(otherwise known as the Chou) dynasty came into power. This dynasty was the longest-ruling one in Chinese history, but despite their 'model society' and the great expansions they brought to the country, inner turmoil and outer war created conflict that declined its greatness. Rebellions and invasions became more common and as a result Chinese poets began to compose war poems in the famed Book of Odes.
-
The dynasty from which China's name derives was actually the shortest lasting rule. It was ruled by a cruel emperor that centralized the government and expanded China into a massive power. They standardized writing, and oversaw the construction of the Great Wall. However in 213, to halt subversive thought, he ordered all books burned, except those on utilitarian subjects such as medicine.
-
Despite the previous ruler's intent to destroy it, much of the rich legacy of the ancient Shang dynasty managed to survive into the successor Han, under which the arts thrived greatly. Agriculture, technology, arts and literature flourished, and the religion of Buddhism, which greatly influenced Chinese literature, took root during this period.
-
T'ang rulers again expanded the Chinese empire by promoting foreign trade, improvements in agriculture, and restoring China's bureaucracy. It was considered a golden age, especially in poetry and painting.
-
Education, literature, calligraphy, and painting grew and spread during this period. Movable type, paper money, and the use of the magnetic compass for sailing were among some of the most important inventions of this era.
