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Ancient Egyptian described as a "chief physician". One of the earliest known female scientists.
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Teacher at the Neoplatonic School in Alexandria. Taught astronomy, philosophy, & mathematics. Recognized as the first known female mathematician.
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Distinguished Italian physician. Held a chair of philosophy and medicine at the University of Bologna for over 40 years.
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The most famous female astronomer in Germany.
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Italian physicist and academic. First woman to earn a university chair in a scientific field of study in Europe.
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First American to become a professional astronomer. Discovered a comet in 1847. First woman member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
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Founder of modern nursing. Established a school of nursing in London in 1860.
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First certified female doctor in the United States. Founded the first women's medical college in 1868.
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Physicist and Chemist. Conducted pioneering research on radiation. First woman to win a Nobel Prize.
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Italian physician and educator. First woman in southern Europe to qualify as a physician. Founded educational theory that is still used today.
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American biochemist. First American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science.
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English chemist and X-ray crystallographer. Her work allowed Watson and Crick to discover the structure of DNA though they did not credit her.
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Astrophysicist and astronaut. First American woman to travel to outerspace.