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1151
Week 1 - The Middle Ages
“The Universe”
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
Miniature History Illustration
Also known as Saint Hildegard and Sibyl of the Rhine, who ruled her own monastery of Rupertsberg in Germany.
1141-Finds a voice for her religious visions.
The outside world or master of the universe-men by the masculine fire.
The private life or the universe itself-women by the femininity display of flowers.
This art communicates how women are just creators of life and how women can be secluded under men’s power. -
1165
Week 1 - The Middle Ages
“Wheel of Fortune”
Herrad of Landsberg (1130-1195)
Miniature History Illustration
Also known as Herrad von Hohenburg, who was the Abbess of Hohenburg in Germany.
1165-Began "Hortus Deliciarum”, illustrated encyclopedia.
Men fall without money or power.
Lady Fortune controls the wheel from the left side of the piece.
This art communicates how women's' faith keeps them moving forward as men will conquer and fall.
Hildegard & Herrad-Made religious compilations toward a more personal spirituality. -
1555
Week 2 - The Renaissance
"The Chess Game"
Sofonisba Anguissola (1535-1625)
Canvas Oil Genre Scene Painting
1559-Served as Court painter and lady-in-waiting to Queens Isabel of Valois and Anne of Austria.
Noble sisters are educated by playing chess.
The servant acts as chaperone, giving the illusion that the girls stand for virtue.
This art communicates how girls must be moral to obtain womanhood/marriage, how they are educated if it means they will be a better domestic partner, and how girls depend on each other. -
Week 2 - The Renaissance
“Judith Decapitating Holofernes”
Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1652)
Canvas Oil History Painting
1612-Trial for charges that her teacher Agostino Tassi raped her.
1616-Joined the Academia del Disegno.
This art shows the biblical story of Judith who beheaded a general to save her city.
This art communicates the message of women fighting back against a world of men and perhaps the anger from Artemisia's rape.
Anguissola & Gentileschi-Made new compilations of intellectual paintings for nobles. -
Week 3 - The 1700s
“Self-Portrait with Two Pupils”
Labille-Guiard (1749-1803)
Canvas Oil Portrait Painting
1785-Became Mesdames of France, the King’s aunts, official painter.
1774-Began competing in the Salon of the Académie de Saint-Luc.
1790-Convinced the Académie Royale to open the admission of exhibiting to all women.
This art shows women having the ability to paint but how they are still viewed in an feminine depiction.
This art communicates the message to the Académie Royale to open admission to all women. -
Week 3 - The 1700s
“Portrait of Marie Antoinette with Her Children”
Vigee-Lebrun (1755-1842)
Canvas Oil Portrait Painting
1774-Began competing in the Salon of the Académie de Saint-Luc.
1778-Became Queen Marie Antoinette’s portrait painter.
1789-Left France with her daughter for a 12-year exile.
This art shows Queen Marie Antoinette in a positive manner.
This art communicates the message of women being responsible for the upbringing of a loving family.
Guiard & Lebrun-Competitors in the Académie of de Saint-Luc. -
Week 4 - The 1800s
“Zenobia in Chains”
Harriet Hosmer (1830-1908)
Marble Stone Historical Sculpture
Attended the College of St. Louis to study privately with Dr. J. N. McDowell.
She also received instruction from sculptor John Gibson.
1852-Sail to Rome for further study.
Produced large fountains for Lady Eastlake and Lady Marion Alford.
This art shows Queen Zenobia being captured by the Roman Army.
This art communicates the message that women can move beyond the constraints placed on them. -
Week 4 - The 1800s
"War"
Anna Lea Merritt (1844-1930)
Canvas Oil History Painting
1876-Display her prints in the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia and receive a medal/diploma.
1877-Marry one of her teachers Henry Merritt and settle in London.
This art shows how battles taking place in the 1800s affected women.
This art communicates the message of the anxieties; the fears and the waiting women experienced from war.
Hosmer & Merrit-Created new forms of art and started breaking the stigmas surrounding them. -
Week 5 - The 1900s
"Boating"
Gabriele Munter (1877-1962)
Canvas Oil Genre Scene Painting
Attended Phalanz School for her education.
1909-Settle in Murnau with artist Wassily Kandinsky.
This art shows a step towards abstraction through the blocks of color, pyramidal form, heavy black outlines and how Kandinsky is presented from Munters point of view, even with her back turned to the viewers.
This art communicates the message of hierarchical order of men still over women. -
Week 5 - The 1900s
“Cleopatre”
Sonia Delaunay (1885-1979)
Historical Ballet Costume
1905-Move to Paris.
1910-Marry Cubist painter Robert Delaunay.
1911-Have a son.
1925-Set up a shop called “the Simultaneous Boutique” with Jacques Heim.
This art shows a costume for a ballet.
This art communicates the message of liberated sexual women.
Munter & Delaunay-Pushed the art of abstraction that led to the recreation of clothing and the growth of women's freedom through consumption. -
Week 6 - The 2000s (Europe)
"The Abandoned Doll"
Suzanne Valadon (1865-1938)
Canvas Oil Genre Scene Painting
1880s-Became an artist’s model after working as a circus performer.
1897-Ambroise Vollard published and sold her engravings.
Exhibited at the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, the Independants, and the private galleries Berthe Weil & Bernheim-Jeune.
This art shows girls in their natural form rather than just an observation for men.
This art communicates the message of the hard transition from childhood to womanhood. -
Week 6 - The 2000s (Europe)
"Self-Portrait" of 1923
Romaine Brooks (1874-1970)
Self-Portrait Painting
Spent most of her life in Paris fleeing from her abusive mother and insane brother St. Mar.
1910-Have her 1st one-person exhibit at Galerie Durand-Ruel.
1915-Meet/form a relationship with American poet Natalie Barney.
This art shows Brook's career will not be defined by femininity.
This art communicates the message that lesbians are a part of society.
Valadon & Brooks-Redefined what women's physical appearance looks like. -
Week 7 - The 2000s (America)
"American Dawn"
Louise Nevelson (1900-1988)
Painted Wood Historical Sculpture
1936-Won her first sculpture competition at the A.C.A. Galleries.
1946-Retire for almost ten years due to a critical response from her first major exhibition at the Nierendorf Gallery.
1960-Receive a solo museum exhibition in the United States.
This art shows sculpture being made on a new scale from how it is displayed to the materials used.
This art communicates the message that women can rival with male artists. -
Week 8 - Late 2000s & Early 2100s
"The Dinner Party"
Judy Chicago (1939-Present)
Marble Historical Sculpture
1969-Began geometric abstractions featuring hexagonal forms with large central openings.
1970-Taught the 1st feminist art course at Fresno State College.
1971-Joined a feminist art program at the California Institute of the Arts in Valencia.
This art shows honor to women throughout history.
This art communicates the message of cultural shift to celebrate women’s differences in sexuality along with spirit and creativity. -
Week 7 - The 2000s (America)
"The Herd Dance"
Pablita Velarde (1918-2006)
Mural History Painting
1939-Commissioned by the WPA to paint the customs/ceremonies of the Pueblo people in 84 paintings for the Bandelier National Monument.
1953-Won the Grand Purchase Award at the Philbrook Art Center
This art shows a Pueblo ritual.
This art communicates the message that women can also paint cultural traditions.
Nevelson & Velarde-Displayed women entering a new era of possibility and openly rivaling with men through art. -
Week 8 - Late 2000s & Early 2100s
“Change: Faith Ringgold’s Over 100 Pound Weight Loss Story Quilt"
Faith Ringgold (1930-Present)
Cotton & Silk Photoetched Quilt
1966-Participated in the 1st exhibition of black artists held in Harlem since the 1930s.
1970-Organized Women Students & Artists for Black Art Liberation (WASABAL).
This art shows Ringgold's autobiography.
This art communicates the message that beauty standards for women are unhealthy.
Chicago & Ringgold-Influence future women to work in public, socially activist ways.