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They thought that earth turned and not the heaven. Earth was the center of universe.
Image recovered from: http://www.danieltubau.com/images/esferas.jpg -
Aristotle thought that the planets and the Sun moved around the Earth. He described the Solar system based on the circular orbit of the planets, stars and other celestial bodies around the Sun. Image recovered from http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gN97gPOur_A/UxEjtASSXOI/AAAAAAAAACM/wHPycz8jsIo/s1600/modeloAristoteles.gif
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The first astronomer to do real scientific maps of the sky was Ptolemy. He believed that the Sun, the Moon and the other planets revolved around the Earth and they moved in small circles (an epicircle) which they orbited the Earth. This view was widely accepted for approximately 1500 years
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He suggested that the Sun was the center of the universe. Since the Church thought that the Earth was the Center, the theory of Copernicus was considered a heresy. Image recovered from http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-07X_ZEhMw3M/U1jWXySRg3I/AAAAAAAACKI/UANAO_J1m9c/s1600/agora3.gif
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He revealed a version of Copernican solar system in miniature, with moons moving around the planet in a simple circular orbit. Galileo's discoveries have forever changed the face of astronomy. Image recovered from https://dhthmates.wikispaces.com/file/view/heliocentismo.png/218464642/heliocentismo.png
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He states that the planets actually move around the Sun, but their orbits are not circular as believed Copernicus, but elliptical, and the Sun is in one of their focus.
Image recovered from https://static.wixstatic.com/media/9a00c3_b988e41161594e61b736b2fe2afc0fa8.gif -
He says that "everything happens as if matter is attracted to the matter with a force that is proportional to the masses and inversely proportional to the distance that separates them". He observed the orbit of the Moon around the Earth, and the orbit of the planets around the Sun.
Imega recovered from http://www.elorigendelhombre.com/objetos/aristoteles%20matematicas%20newton.jpg -
¨The rotational motion is relative¨ EINSTEIN said thet the earth can be considered at rest while the plane of swinging of the pendulum and the night sky are rotating. Image recovered from https://userscontent2.emaze.com/images/62aa281d-4453-4202-a361-2fb69e83d682/0d139217d5723a9f066edac8a3b6725b.gif
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