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The Revolution
-This newspaper was established by womens nights activist Susan B Anthony
-Its primarily focused on womens rights, especially womens suffrage, is the right of women to vote in elections
-Its gave Stanton and Anthony a means for expressing their views about the issues being disputed when it would have been difficult for them to make their voices heard
-Its helped them strengthen their movement and prepare the way for an organization to represent womens right -
Plessy vs Ferguson
-Blk train passenger homer plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crew Car breaking a La law
-7-1 vote the crt said that a state law that implies merely a legal distinction B/w the two foos did not conflict with 13th amendment forbidding involuntary servitude nor did it tend to restablish such a condition
-Blks were still being treated as the interior race
-decision estb the doctrine of separate but = which allowed st to maintain segregated facilities for blk + whites as long as they provided = source -
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Harsh Working Conditions
-The Children were paid less than 10 cents an hour for fourteen hour days of work
-Women earned an average of $267 a year nearly half of mens average of $498
-Employees were not entitled to vacation sick leave unemployment compensation or reimbursement for injuries suffered on the job -
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Peoples Party
-The purpose of the "peoples party" was to increase in the money supply to help for farmers and workers.
-The purpose were to mainly towards struggling farmers and desperate laborers
-The movement is associated with Granger
-The populists programs eventually became the platform of the democratic party and kept alive the concept that the government is responsible for reforming social injustices
-James B Weaver, was the populist candidate for president that year, he pulled over 1,041,000 -
Women's Christian Temperance Union
-The purpose of WCTU was to combat the influence of alcohol on families and society
-Frances Willard became president of the WCTU and tuned to organizing political mean in addition to moral persuasion to achieve total abstinence
-The issue was seen in society as moral issue to create prohibition throughout the nation -
Pendleton Act of 1883
-Provided the federal government jobs be awarded on the basis of merit and be selected through competitive exams
-In 1881 a mentally unstable man assassinated James A Garfield in protest against not obtaining a government job
-The public reaction caused president Arthur to introduce this law
-Patronage System practice where after winning an election gives government to their supporters
-Merit system the process of promoting and hiring government employees based on ability to do their work -
Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
-The act created a federal regulatory agency, when it charged with monitoring railroads to ensure that they complied with the news regulations
-First law to regulate private industry in U.S
-The power of the act is to the railroad rates be "reasonable and just"
-Interstate commerce commission (ICC)-enforce the regulation and investigate allegations of fraud, deception and discrimination -
Assassination of President
-Shot came from .44 British Bulldog which the assassin Charles J Guiteau had purchased specifically because he thought it would look impressive in a museum
-He had killed Garfield because of the President refusal to acquaint him to a European consulship
-The assassin was known around Washington as a emotionally disturbed man
-He was convinced that is a Gods work -
Sherman Antitrust Act
-Purpose was to prohibit trust, trust were arrangement where stockholders transferred their shares to a single group of men
-Congress wanted to regulate interstate commerce and also prohibit monopolies and activities that hindered competition
-First federal program for regulation private business
-Standard oil felt pressure from government
-Andrew (Carnegie) accumulation of great wealth by a few in day capitalist society -
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The Progressive Era
-The Progressive Era was a time of social and political reforms during which corruption and social differences were exposed, many changes were made to american society
-Progressive Era was a time of reform such as the initiative and referendum (vote) -
Red Record
-Ida B Wells the co-founder of the show NAACP wrote the red record
-The central topic of this pamphlet was to inform everyone on how black were being treated for example some would get lynched some of the states that treated the horribly like Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi,South Caroline and Texas and a what they would be punished for
-The Red Records effect on society is the states began recognizing the seriousness of these subject and began taking action -
Discovery Gold in the Klondike Region
-The Klondike Gold Rush was an event of migration by an estimated 100,000 people prospecting to the klondike region of North-Western Canada only 30,000 actually made it to the Klondike
-Gold was discovered in many rich deposits along the Klondike River
-Newspaper created a hysteria that was nation-wide and many people quite their jobs and then left for the Klondike to become gold-diggers
-Many did not find gold many made money off the hardware store selling to the prospectors -
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Muckraker Journalism
-The Term muckraker was used in the progressive era to characterize reform minded american journalists no wrote largely for a popular magazines as investigate journalism
-The muckrakers style of journalism articulated reform beginning in the late 19th century and gaining popularity through the first decade of the 20th century their agenda has to raise public awareness of the child labor act -
Pure Food and Drug act
-The Cause of the pure food and drug act was because of all the muckrakers like upton sinclair writing stories on the working conditions and new filthy the factories were
-The power of the food and drug act is to protect the public against adulteration of food and from products identified as healthful without scientific support
-The pure food and drug atc they had the responsibility of testing all foods and drugs destined for human consumption and the requirement for perscriptions -
The Jungle
-Written by muckraking journalist upon Sinclair
-Focus was the human condition in the stockyards of Chicago to exploit the labor of men & women fro profit
-Magnified the sickening conditions of the meat packing industry
-As result of making the public aware of the filthy & dangerous conditions, each local gov passed its own set of health coders as well as the meat inspection act & the pure food & drug act -
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Social Gospel
-Settlement house like the hurt house with Jane Addams and religious group helped start the social gospel movement
-They believed that churches had a duty to solve society problems and preached salvation through service to the poor
-They were criticized by other believed the social gospel movement because they did not believe their reforms could help
-the progressive era inspired even more reform activities for example the "young mens christian association" (YMCA) and the inspiration of WCTU -
NAACP
-W.E.D Du Bolus, Ida B. Wells
-Was founded to fight the case Plessy V Ferguson
-Helped fight for equal rights for African-American
-The NAACP's principle objective is to ensure to political, educational, social and economic equality of minority group citizen of United States and eliminate race prejudice.The NAACP seeks to remove all barriers of racial discrimination through the democratic processes
-They Called for federal anti-lynching laws and anti segregation -
Bull Moose Party
-The founder of the bull moose party is Theodore Roosevelt
-He was defeated in the republic primaries and broke off
-The party advocated women suffrage, workmen's compensation an eight hour work day minimum wage for women federal law against child labor and federal trade -
Federal Reserve Act
-Nation needed a way to strengthen the ways in which banks were run.
-This act divided the nation into 12 districts and established a central bank in each district.
-The Federal Reserve Banks could issue new paper currency in emergency situations and members banks could use the currency to make loans to their customers.
-By 1923, roughly 70% of the nations banking resources were part of the federal reserve system. -
17th Ammendment
-It allowed the people to choose & vote for who the state senate will be
-The effect of the 17th amendment was direct election which where citizens themselves vote for who will be senator
-Patronage giving government jobs to the people who helped the president get elected -
18th Amendment
-The 18th amendment was the result of decades of effort by the temperance movement in the U.S
-It Led to rise in organized crime as the bootlegging of alcohol became an ever more iterative operation
-Banned the sale & drinking or alcohol in the U.S
-The amendment took effect in 1919 and was a huge failure -
Vocabulary 18th
-Temperance - abstinence from alcoholic drink
-Prohibition loyal act of prohibiting the manufacture storage in barrels, bottles, transportation and sale of alcoholic beverages
-Speak-easy - an illicit liquor store or nightclub
-Flapper - a fashionable going women intent an enjoying herself and floating conventional standard of behavior