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United Farm Workers Movement
When Mexican and Filipino workers initiated a grape strike in California 1956 there predominantly two main workers unions working in that area. They were the Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) and the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) and when they caught word of the strike they joined forces and ultimately formed the United Farm Workers of America in 1962. Now they have spread and have worked on campaigning outside of California, like Texas. -
Equal Pay Act
The Equal Pay Act from 1963 made it illegal for employers to pay employees differently based solely on sex. This act was a major step in the right direction for equality between the sexes. The equal pay act only protects sex and not gender identity but there are other laws in order to protect that. -
California Grape Boycott
The California grape boycott, more known as the Delano grape strike was a labor strike against the grape growers. The strike lasted five years and due to a large consumer boycott victory came to the mainly Mexican and Filipino strikers. The strike quickly grew to 2000 members and gained national attention. When it was over the agreement affected more than 10000 people. -
National Woman Organization
Now or the National Organization of Women was founded in the late 60s and focused on equality and women rights. N.O.W.s main focus was on women's place Americas society and advocating for women. The group has 550 chapters in every state and work with other women groups around the globe. The president Toni Van Pelt has goals set to achieve constitutional equality for women -
The Brown Berets
The Brown Berets were a pro-Chicano group that emerged during the Chicano movement in the late 1960s and is still exists. The Brown Berets' movements largely revolved around farm workers struggles, educational reform, and anti-war activism; they have also organized against police brutality. Women were part of the organization even though there is a common misconception that it was only boys. They have done many things such as establish community centers like clinics, stores, and public places. -
Chicano Blowouts
Also known as the East L.A. Walkouts, the Chicano Blowouts were a series of protests in 1968 against unequal conditions in high schools for latino people. This movement was one of the first mass mobilizations by Mexican Americans in Southern California. Victoria Castro, a leading female political activist, was crucial to the success of these walkouts. She organized marches, got the word out about what was going on, and even volunteered to pull down a gate preventing the marches with her car. -
American Indian Movement (AIM)
Founded in July of 1968 in Minneapolis Minnesota, AIM was initially formed to address Native American affirmation, treaty issues, spirituality, and leadership while simultaneously addressing incidents of police harassment and racism against Natives forced to move away from reservations and tribal culture. A couple of years after its start, AIM split up into two fractions, one based in Minneapolis and one based in Denver. -
Stonewall Riots
The Stonewall Riots were demonstrations protesting the treatment of gays in America at the time. During the 60s guys were prosecuted for their sexuality and weren't afforded the same rights as they are now. The Stonewall riots took place after police raided a known gay club sparking outbursts from the LGBT community -
Occupation of Alcatraz
The occupation of Alcatraz was a nineteen month-long protest in were 89 American Indians and their supporters lived on the island of Alcatraz until the federal government forcibly removed them. The protest started on November 20, 1969, and ultimately had a direct effect on Federal Indian Termination Policies. These were policies designed to slowly assimilate Native Americans into mainstream American society. The protest was led by Richard Oakes, LaNada Means; John Trudell was the spokesperson. -
La Raza Unida
La Raza Unida is another Chicano nationalist organization. Founded in the early 1970’s they focused on improving economical, social, and political environments in the Chicano communities. They gained popularity and were able to spread and now have groups in Texas, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and California. They have secured official party status in our government and experienced the most success in Texas, sweeping city council, school boards, and mayoral elections. -
Start and Goals of the Trail of Broken Treaties
The trail of the Broken Treaties was a cross country protest that was staged in the fall of 1972. Its goal was to bring national attention to American Indian issues, such as treaty rights, living standards, and inadequate housing. Once they arrived in D.C. the Nixon Administration refused to meet with them, enraging the protestors. About a week later the standoff ended when the federal government worked with the group leaders to find a middle point. -
Equal rights Amendment
The equal rights amendments is a proposed edition to the constitution that would make it illegal to discriminate based on sex. Today only 37 states have ratified it the last of which was in 2018. Feminist groups around the nation have been working nonstop to try and pass this bill. And only need one more state to ratify it. -
Roe vs. Wade
Roe vs. Wade focuses on the topic of abortion. In 1973 a landmark decision was issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions. But the Court said that this right must be balanced against the state's interests in regulating abortions: protecting women's health and protecting the potentiality of human life. -
Goals and Events of the Siege at Wounded Knee
The Wounded Knee incident began on February 27, 1973, when approximately 200 Oglala Lakota and followers of the American Indian Movement seized and occupied the town of Wounded Knee, South Dakota. Soon thousands of federal agents had surrounded the premises and the standoff started. It lasted for 71 days and originally occurred because of a failed impeachment of a tribal president and protesters criticized the United States government's failure to fulfill treaties with Native American people. -
Murder of Harvey Milk
Harvey Milk was an entrepreneur and politician from San Francisco who served 11 months as a city supervisor before he was assassinated. Harvey Milk was assassinated by a former city supervisor Dan White because Milk was California's first openly gay elected official. White also killed the mayor at the time, George Moscone, because he was a supporter of gay rights. Dan White was charged with manslaughter instead of first-degree murder because his lawyers used a “Twinkie defense”. -
Purpose and impact of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act is a 1988 United States federal law that establishes the jurisdictional framework that governs Indian gaming. The stated purposes of the act include providing a legislative basis for the operation/regulation of Indian gaming, protecting gaming as a means of generating revenue for the tribes, encouraging the economic development of these tribes, and protecting the enterprises from negative influences (such as organized crime). -
The Murder of Matthew Shepard
Matthew Shepard was a gay student of the University of Wyoming who was beaten, tortured and killed because of his sexuality. He was only 21 when he was killed, he was taking to a hospital in Colorado when he was found and died six days after he arrived there. The two men charged with his murder receives two life sentences and their motive was proven to be their anti-gay beliefs. Matthews murder brought the media's attention to hate crimes and helped change some of the legislation around them -
Repeal of the DADT Act
The Don't Ask Don't Tell act allowed people from the LGBTQ community to openly serve in the military. Before this act people from this community were allowed to serve but only if they kept their sexuality secret. This act gave Lgbt people the freedom to express their sexuality and serve for the military. This was a big step for gay rights in America at the time -
Obergefell v. hodges
This was a court case in the supreme court that determined the right to marriage had to be afforded to same-sex couples. The two main justifications for this verdict were the due process clause and the equal protection clause under the 14th amendment
