-
Britannica
140 years ago, one of the most devastating volcanic eruptions took place in Caldera, Indonesia. The volcano took over 36,000 thousand lives, owning one of the biggest volcanic death tolls in history. However, not only did it have a huge impact on humanity, it put a great dent in the land around it. In the last million years, Krakatoa had created a mountain consisting of layers alternating between rock, cinders, and ash before 1883. -
History.
In 1985, Nevado del Ruiz (located in the Andes Mountains, Columbia, South Carolina) exploded with intriguing force. Because the summit is covered in ice and snow when it erupted the lava flowed with a mix of water, pumice, ice, and other rock debris which formed lahars. These lahars poured into other river valleys that bordered Ruiz. In all, this eruption decimated over 23,000 lives and 5,000 homes. -
Volcanoes.usgs.gov
It was 1991 when Mount Pinatubo exploded with such vicious force that it had the second most powerful eruption in the 20th century. The volcano protruded so much ash that when it traveled across the ocean, it became wet ash, killing 847 just from roof incursions. In total, it costed $700 million in damages.