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The Viet Minh opened fire with a massive artillery bombardment in March. After several days the French artillery commander, Charles Piroth, unable to respond with any effective counterbattery fire, committed suicide. The Viet Minh occupied the highlands around Điện Biên Phủ and bombarded the French positions. Tenacious fighting on the ground ensued, reminiscent of the trench warfare of World War I.
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A collection of documents relating to Indochina.
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Diem and his supporters in the United States realized that if the elections were held, Ho Chi Minh and the more populous north would probably win, thereby reuniting Vietnam under the Communist banner. Accordingly, he refused to hold the elections and the separation of North and South soon became permanent.
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U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower described the theory during an April 7, 1954, news conference, when referring to communism in Indochina: Finally, you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the "falling domino" principle.
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Two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/gulf-of-tonkin
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an international confrontation that led to the United States engaging more directly in the Vietnam War.
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sustained ariel bombardment campaign.
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The Tet Offensive was a coordinated series of North Vietnamese attacks on more than 100 cities and outposts in South Vietnam.
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The Mỹ Lai Massacre was the Vietnam War mass murder of unarmed Vietnamese civilians by U.S. troops in South Vietnam on 16 March 1968.
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In 1967, counterculture and anti-Vietnam War protest groups had been promising to come to Chicago and disrupt the convention.
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President Nixon wins the election
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A music festival which attracted an audience of more than 400,000 people.
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series of military operations conducted in eastern Cambodia.
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Ohio National guard shot protesters that were against the bombing of Cambodia.
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Was the capture of Saigon the capital of South Vietnam.