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Earl Warren
Earl Warren
Earl Warren was elected Governer of California and Chief Justice of the United States. His influence on the Warren Court ended school segregation and changed many areas in American law. -
Ho Chi Minh
<ahref='http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=5&bioid=44' >Ho Chi Minh</a>
Ho Chi Minh wanted to free Vietnam from colonial domination. He aligned himself with the United States and declared Vietnamese independence. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was African Americans refusing to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama. It is regarded as the first large-scale demonstration against segregation in the U.S. -
Southern Manifesto
<ahref='http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/sources_document2.html' >Southern Manifesto</a>
Southern Manisfesto attacked the "Brown v. Board of Education" case and resisted the desegration of schools. This marked a southern defiance of the Supreme Court. -
Orval Faubus
<ahref='http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3322' >Orval Faubus</a>
Orval Faubus refused to allow nine African American students to attend Little Rock's Central High School. This event represents how city's school systems still struggle with integration. -
New Frontier
New Frontier
President Kennedy established his New Frontier with a challenge to ventur into Outer Space. John Glenn became the first American to orbit earth. -
1960 Election
<ahref='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1960' >1960 Election</a>
This election was between John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, and Harry F. Byrd. Nixon was the first canidate in American presidential electoral history to lose an election despite carrying a majority of the states. -
JFK's Cold War Policy
JFK's Cold War Policy
Kennedy continued to follow Truman's practice of conatinment and continued the nuclear arms buildup begun by Eisenhower. He developed the strategy of flexible response and strengthened conventional American forces. -
Alliance for Progress
Alliance for Progress
President Kennedy proposed a 10-year multibillion-dollar aid program for Latin America. It was designed to improve U.S relations with Latin America. -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Bay of PigsA
CIA-financed and trained group group of Cuban refugees landed in Cuba and attempted to overthrow the communist government of Fidel Castro. This plan immediatley fell apart since Castro's military unexpectedly had rapid counterattacks against the US. -
JFK's Berlin Speech
JFK's Berlin Speech
President Kennedy announced that the United States might need to defend its rights in Berlin militarily. Kennedy'a visit Vienna just increased tensions between him and Nikita Krushchev. -
The Berlin Wall
Berlin Wall
The Communist government of the German Democratic Republic began to build a barbed wire and concrete between East and West Berlin. The purpose of this Berlin Wall was to keep Western “fascists” from entering East Germany and undermining the socialist state. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuban Missile Crisis
Leaders of the US and Soviet Union engaged in a political and military standoff over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles in Cuba. This disaster was avioded when the US agreed to Nikita Khrushchev's offer to remove Cuban missiles in exchange for the US promising not to invade Cuba. -
Betty Friedan
<ahref='http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3341' >Betty Friedan</a>
Betty Friedan was a writer that wrote The Feminine Mystique. In her book she calls for an end to all legal restrictions on married women's rights to own property, to enter into business, and to make contracts. -
Birmingham Demonstrations
<ahref='http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3326' >Birmingham Demonstrations</a>
Activists held peaceful protests/demonstrations against Birmingham's segregation laws. Police used attack dogs, fire hoses, and clubs against the protesters. The public opinion swung in favor of the protesters. -
24th Amendment
24th Amendment
The 24th Amendment prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax. It was not until 1966 that the U.S Supreme Court ruled that poll taxes for any level of elections were unconstitutional. -
The Great Society
The Great Society
Following Johnson’s lead, Congress enacted sweeping legislation in the areas of civil rights, health care, education and the environment. Although Johnson's programs still exist todaym his legacy has been overshadowed by his decision to go to war in Vietnam. -
Operation Rolling Thunder
Operation Rolling Thunder
U.S. military aircraft attacked targets throught North Vietnam from March 1965 to October 1968. Operation Rolling Thunder marked the first sustained American assault on North Vietnamese territory and a major expansion of U.S. involment in the Vietnam War. -
Medicare
Medicare
President Lyndon B. Johnson signed Medicare, a health insurance program for elderly Americans, into law. The Medicare program provides hospital and medical insurance for Americans age 65 or older. -
Voting Rights Act
Voting Rights Act
The Voting Rights Act, was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson . Its aim is to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th Amendment. -
Thurgood Marshall
<ahref='http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=2&psid=3318' >Thurgood Marshall</a>
Thurgood Marshall became the first African American Supreme Court Justice and became the NACCP's chief counsel. His actions allowed 2/3 of African American children to attend primarily black schools. -
General Westmoreland
General Westmoreland
General Westmoreland was a four star general who was in command of U.S forces in Vietnam. In Vietnam, he inflicted heavy losses among NVA and NFL forces but the war was far from over. -
Walter Cronkite
<ahref='http://www.pbs.org/weta/reportingamericaatwar/reporters/cronkite/' >Walter Cronkite</a>Walter
Cronkite was an anchor of the "CBS Evening News". He traveled to Vietnam to report on the aftermath of the Tet Offensive and conluded his report that the war would end in stalement. -
Tet Offensive
Tet Offensive
The North Vietnamese and Viet Cong forces launched a corrdinated seires of fierce attacks on more than 100 cities and towns in South Vietnam. The news coverage of the Tet Offensive shocked the American public and eroded the support for the war effort. -
Senator Fulbright
Senator Fulbright
Senator Fulbright was a United States Senator representing Arkansas. He charged that the Defense Department had withheld information on U.S naval activities in the Gulf that provoked North Vietnam. -
Sirhan Sirhan
Sirhan Sirhan
Sirhan Sirhan shot Robert Kennedy who had just won California's Democratic presidential primary. Robert Kennedy was seen as the only person in politics capable of uniting people which was lost through his death. -
Henry Kissinger
Henry Kissinger
Henry Kissinger was Nixon's national security advisor and later secretary of state. Nixon and him layed the groundwork for Detente with the Soviet Union and China -
Robert McNamara
Robert Mcnamara
Robert McNamara was Secretary of Defense during the Vietnam War. Under his command more US troops entered Vietnam and even more US troops die. -
1968 Chicago Convention
1968 Chicago Convention
At the Democratic National Convention, thousands of Vietnam War protesters battled police in the streets. The Democratic Party also fell apart over an internal disagreement concerning its stance on the Vietnam War. -
Daniel Ellsberg
Daniel Ellsberg
Daniel Ellsberg, served as a U.S. Marine Corps officer from 1954 to 1957 and had been an early supporter of U.S. involvement in Indochina . By 1969, however Ellsberg had come to believe that the war in Vietnam was unwinnable. -
Detente
Detente
Detente ia a period of improved relations between the United States and the Soviet Union that began in 1971. Nixon visited Russia and China which allowed him to keep public attention focused on his foreign policy achievements rather than his domestic problems. -
ERA
ERA
The Equal Rights Amendment was first introduced by the National Women's polictial party in 1923. The Equal Rights Amendment was to provide for the legal equality of the sexes and prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, it was passed on March 22 1972. -
1972 Election
<ahref='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1972' >1972 Election </a>
Nixon won re-election taking 97 percent electoral votes. After winning re-election 5 men connected to his re-election committee were arrested due to the Watergate Scandal. -
Roe v. Wade
<ahref='http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_roe.html' >Roe v. Wade </a>
Roe v. Wade ruled unconstitutional a state law that banned abortions except to save the life of the mother. The Court ruled that states were forbidden from outlawing any aspect of abortion performed during the first trimester of pregnancy. -
Peace with Honor
Peace with Honor
President Nixon wanted to build up South Vietnam’s military strength in order to facilitate a gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops. He also wanted to allow the U.S. to leave the conflict with its honor intact. -
Shuttle Diplomacy
Shuttle Diplomacy
Kissinger worked ahrd to bring about a peace settlement between Israel and Syria and Egypt. In what came to be known as “shuttle diplomacy,” the secretary of state flew from nation to nation to discuss details about the peace accord. -
OPEC
OPEC
OPEC prohibits any nation that had supported Israel in its “Yom Kippur War” with Egypt, Syria and Jordan from buying any of the oil it sells. As a result of OPEC, Domestic oil prices increased but shortages persisted. -
U.S casualities in Vietnam
U.S casualites
About 58, 220 U.S. military fatal casualities happened in Vietnam. Many soldiers experienced a negative reception upon return. -
Iranian Revolution
Iranian Revolution
The Pahlavi dynasty was overthrown under Mohammad Pahlavi who was supported by the United States. The eventual replacement was an Islamic Republic under the Grand Ayatollah Khomeini who was the leader of the revolution -
Ayatollah Khomeini
Ayatollah Khomeini
Khomeini was the first religious leader to openly condemn the shah’s program of westernization. Khomeini arrived in Tehran in triumph on February 1, 1979, and was acclaimed as the leader of the Iranian Revolution. -
Hostage Crisis
Hostage Crisis
A group of Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking more than 60 American hostages.The students set their hostages free just after President Ronald Reagan delivered his inaugural address. -
1988 Election
<ahref='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1988' >1988 Election </a>
This election was between George H. W. Bush, Michael Dukakis, and Llyod Bentsen. Running an aggressive campaign, Bush capitalized on a good economy, a stable international stage, and on President Reagan's popularity. -
Persian Gulf War
Persian Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm. President George H.W. Bush declared a cease-fire on February 28; by that time, most Iraqi forces in Kuwait had either surrendered or fled. -
Colin Powell
Colin Powell
Colin Powell was the first African American to serve the position of Secretary of State. He also was the first African American to serve on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. -
Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra
Sandra Day o'Connor was a former Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. She was the first woman to be appointed to court.
