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George Washington
1 The first US president and was extremely important in military and political roles during the american revolution -
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Cornelius Vanderbilt
American philanthropist who build his savings on the railroad and shipping -
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John Adams
2 Teacher, Lawyer, Leader in Continental Congress. Was the first vice president. -
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Thomas Jefferson
3 One of the founding fathers, an american statesman, and principal author of the Declaration of Independence -
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James Madison
4 Wrote one of the first drafts of the U.S. Constitution, Co-wrote the federalist papers and established the democratic-republican party. -
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James Monroe
5 The Monroe doctrine that prevented further establishment of European colonization -
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Temperance Movement
The movement against alcoholic beverages, to promote complete abstinence from alcohol but it never really happened. -
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John Quincy Adams
6 Adam-Onis treaty that acquired Florida for the U.S. -
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Andrew Jackson
7 National war hero after defeating the British in New Orleans in the War of 1812. Judge, Senator, Lawyer, Representative -
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Andrew Carnagie
Owned Carnegie Steel Corp. -
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Martin Van Buren
8 Politics were unpopular and failed as a president. -
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J.P. Morgan
A wealthy banker and Corporate dominator -
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William Henry Harrison
9 Oldest man to be in office and first man to die during his term -
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John Tyler
10 Governor of Virginia, first vice president to become president due to his predecessor dying in office. -
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James K. Polk
11 Territorial expansion through the Mexican-American war -
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Zachary Taylor
12 War hero during his battles in the Mexican-American war. Led the south during slavery debates -
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Millard Fillmore
13 Anti-Masonic originally but switched to Whig party, was vice president to Zachary Taylor and came into office when Taylor died. -
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Franklin Pierce
14 Senator, Attorney, and fought in the Mexican-American war. -
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James Buchanan
15 Helped lead up to the Civil war, failed to prevent Southern Succession -
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Abraham Lincoln
16 Preserved the Union and brought emancipation for slaves -
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Andrew Johnson
17 Became president after Lincoln was assassinated -
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Ulysses S. Grant
18 Was entrusted with command over all US armies in 1864. Was the youngest president sworn at the time. -
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Gilded Age
Rapid economic growth in both the north and the south and expanded industrialism lead to a high influx of american immigration. -
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John D. Rockefeller
The head of one of the biggest oil companies, the Standard Oil Company, and one of the richest men in the world -
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Rutherford Birchard Hayes
19 Served in Legal, Military, and Congressional posts and was governor of Ohio. Won one of the most contested election and resigned after one term. -
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James A. Garfield
20 Assassinated only a few months into office -
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Chester A. Arthur
21 Vice president to James A. Garfield and became president after his assassination. -
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Eleanor Roosevelt
Wife of Franklin Roosevelt, first lady during his presidency. Helped solidify the role of a first lady and helped guide and advise the president. -
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Grover Cleveland Part A
22 First nonconsecutive president with two terms and first to be married during his term -
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Benjamin Harrison
23 Grandson of William Henry, beat out Grover Cleveland -
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Adolf Hitler
A German politician who established the Nazi party, became Chancellor of Germany which allowed him to create a dictatorship and send the country back into another world war. -
USS Maine Explosion
A U.S. Battleship that exploded in Cuba's Havana harbor. 268 men died, America blamed Spain. This was the trigger event for the Spanish-American War. -
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Imperialism
Based on the idea that America was different from other countries in its way to spread liberty. American expanded its territories rapidly. -
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Progressive Era
The social and economic problems that arose from rapid industrial expansion. Began as a social movement but eventually moved into a political movement -
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Suffrage Movement
The fight for women's rights to vote in elections -
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Grover Cleveland Part B
22B First nonconsecutive president with two terms and first to be married during his term -
The Invention of the Radio
The radio was based off two other inventions: The telegraph and the Telephone. Guglielmo Marconi is credited with sending and recieving the first radio wave while Nikola Tesla is given credit for patenting the Radio. The radio was a main form of entertainment for most families in the U.S. by the 1930s. -
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Babe Ruth (George Ruth Jr.)
An American baseball player with a career spanning 22 seasons. 7x world champion, 2x All-star, 12x AL Homerun champ, etc. -
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William McKinley
24 Rank of Major in Civil War, Congressman, supporter of Tariffs -
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Amelia Earhart
First woman to fly across the atlantic, 16th woman to earn her pilots degree -
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Spanish-American War
The war between Spain and America. America defended Cuba from the tyranny from Spain. Spain was accused of blowing up the USS Maine which started the war. Spain surrendered after the Battle of Santiago, and signed the treaty of Paris which released claim of Cuba to America. -
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Child Labor Laws
Regulations placed on the starting work age, safety rules, how much time and how much pay children could receive. During the Industrial Age many poorer families had to send their children to work which often involved more dangerous jobs only children could do and those children were also required to go to school so they had no time for anything but school and work to support their families. The National Child Labor Committee organized in 1904. -
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Theodore Roosevelt
25 Governor of New York, became youngest person in office, vice president to McKinley -
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James Braddock (Cinderella Man)
A boxer during the Great Depression who had to come over hardships with a multitude of hand injuries forcing him to work at his local docks and use federal assistance. Due to his work both his hands became equally strong leading him to win the Heavy Weight Title in 1935 against Max Baer. Due to his ability to get out of the financial struggles he was in, he became an inspiration to the other people struggling throughout the U.S -
The Jungle
A book written by Upton Sinclair to show the exploitation of immigrants in factories and the meat industry to advance Socialism. Most people were more concerned with the health violations brought to light. The book led to public concern and national reforms like The Meat Inspection Act. -
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William H. Taft
26 Chief Justice in Supreme Court -
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
The deadliest industrial fire in American history. 146 workers died, 123 women and 23 men. The owners of the building locked the doors to different exits to prevent the workers from stealing leaving only one option for those on the higher levels: the elevator which could only carry so many people at a time. It led to safety standards and unionization for factory workers. -
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Woodrow Wilson
27 Led America through WWI and created the Versailles Treaty's "Fourteen Points" -
Trench Warfare
A style of warfare that uses elaborate dug-out walk ways between two sides. In the middle barbed-wire, mines and obstacles prevented anyone from crossing without extreme difficulty. -
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Allied Powers
(WWI) Britain, France, Russia, and the United States. -
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Central Powers (WWI)
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and The Ottoman Empire -
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World War I
Began in Europe and started b/c the alliances between Great Britain, France, and Russia (allies) vs. alliances between Germany, Italy, and Austria Hungary (central powers). The trigger to start the wars began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. The US and other countries originally stayed out of the fight until they could no longer ignore it and joined the Allies. The war ended in 1918 when Germany decided to agree to signing the Treaty of Versailles -
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Paris Peace Conference
Negotiations for discussing the reparations due for each one of the victorious countries after WWI. -
Treaty of Versailles
The most important treaty signed to end WWI. Ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It forced Germany to accept its actions and reparations from the war. -
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Nazi Party
National German Socialists Party that was active mainly during WWII. Led to the Holocaust which killed millions of people. -
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Roaring 20s
A time of economic prosperity that allowed many lifestyle changes to occur. During this time the Jazz Age become prevalent, new inventions such as the automobile, moving pictures and radio. -
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Jazz Age
A time where economic prosperity led to many opportunities for musicians. A time where jazz music and dancing styles became popular. -
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League of Nations
A multi government organization as a result of the Paris Peace Conference. Primary goals were to maintain world peace with a multitude of rules and regulations. It had no real armed forces so it relied on the victorious allied powers after WWI -
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Prohibition
A national constitutional ban against the consumption of alcohol due to its tendency to lead male heads of the house to abuse their families physically, mentally, and economically. Also saloons were a place of extreme political corruption. It started with the Women's Christian Temperance Union and then led to the Anti-Saloon League. The 18th Amendment was created due to the protests but was later revoked. -
19th Ammendment
"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation." -
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Warren G. Harding
29 "return to normalcy", died of a heart attack on his way to California -
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Calvin Coolidge
30 Became president after Warren G. Harding died in office. -
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Herbert Hoover
31 Stock Market crash that sent America into the Great Depression -
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The Great Depression
A worldwide economic crash that took place mostly in the 30s originating in the United States when the stock market crashed. -
Stock Market Crash
The main trigger of the Great Depression. Billions of dollars were lost and thousands of investors were wiped out. After, America's economy continually spiraled downward. -
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Hollywood Golden Age
The era where the film industry became wildly popular. Many of the all time most known actors came from this era. -
Bonus Army
A march of protesters that included WWI Veterans and their families. They were demanding the reparations and cash promised to them for serving in the war. -
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
32 Helped America out of the Great Depression and expanded federal government through many new reforms -
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Seabiscuit
A champion thoroughbred racehorse that was an unlikely inspiration during the Depression -
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Holocaust
The mass genocide during WWII of Jewish people, homosexuals, the disabled, and many more people who did not fit the Nazi ideal of a perfect race. While Adolf Hitler was in power, 17 million people were put to work or straight up murdered in various ways during this time. -
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Concentration Camps
Camps that were a place for enemies of the state to be forced to work in harsh conditions or outright killed without consideration of legality. Jewish people, Africans, Gypsies, the disabled, homosexuals, and general threats to Nazi rule were sent to these camps. At least 150,000 people were killed during the war. -
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New Deal
Federal programs put in place during the Great Depression in the first term of Franklin D. Roosevelt. The goal was in to instate the 3 R's; Relief, Recovery, and Reform. The federal programs included the CCC, the CWA, the FSA, the NIRA, and the SSA -
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War Admiral
An American thoroughbred race horse and the 4th winner of the american triple crown and horse of the year in 1938 -
Nuremberg Laws
Antisemitic laws that "protected" "true" German Lineage. Jewish people were defined by ancestry, not faith. Jewish people (and later determined, so were black people and gypsies) weren't considered citizens, they weren't allowed to marry a German, boycotts of Jewish businesses, etc. -
Kristallnacht
"The Night of Broken Glass". A night of violence and destruction by Nazis against Jewish people, shops, homes, and synagogues. -
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Killing Centers
Camps were enemies of the Nazi party (Jews, Africans, Homosexuals, etc) were sent to be systematically murdered. Most died to "gassings" but many through mass executions as well. -
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World War II
Began with the Nazi Germany (led by Hitler) invasion of Poland. Most countries ended up participating eventually. The U.S. fought with the Allies after being attacked by Japan. The holocaust took place in this time period. Ended with unconditional surrender by the Axis powers, roughly a week after Adolf Hitler surrendered. -
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Nuremberg Trials
The trials to determine the guilt of some people that were responsible for crimes committed in concentration camps during WWII. Judges from the Allies presided over the trials. 12 Nazis were sentenced to death, 3 get life imprisonment, 4 receive 10-20 years and 3 were acquitted. -
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Cold War/ Red Scare
The US against/afraid of Soviet Expansion in Russia. Political clashes without any actual battles. Led to the investigation into federal agent loyalties because it was known that Russian agents had been found in the U.S. The public's concern grew greatly after the Soviet Union tested a nuclear bomb and China was taken over by communists.