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Formed by the Virginia Company of London. It was the 1st permanent settlement in North America, but it barely survived. The tobacco in Jamestown brought much success.
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This was the first elected assembly in the New World. It still operates today as the General Assembly.
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Southern and Caribbean Plantations needed many workers. They started off as indentured servants and then slaves from Africa were brought over through the middle passage in 1619.
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A document where they agreed to obey laws created for the general good. It also created a "covenant community"-based on the promises found in the Mayflower Compact.
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England and the americans fought against the french and indians for land. The war was won by England and they recieved the land west of the Appalacians and Canada.
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The treaty of Paris guarenteed that England had the control of the land west of the Appalacian Mountains and Canada. This enlarged boundaries and was called the "peace of paris"
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England prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalacians. They did this because it cost them a lot to protect colonists from insian attacks. This angered the colonists that wanted to move out there.
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This placed a tax on legal documents for the colonists. They did this to help pay war debts and to pay for the troops that were protecting the colonists.
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Colonists and british soldiers in Boston competed over jobs. One evening a mob of anti-british demonstators formed and British troops fired into the mob. Colonists protrayed this as a massacre.
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England put restrictions on tea and this angered the colonists. Colonists boarded tea ships in Boston and threw all the tea in the water.
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This was a meeting of representatives from all 13 colonies except Georgia. It was held in Philidelphia and they issued a statement of colonial rights. This urged colonists to form militias.
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British troops attacked colonial weapons stockpile. Minutemen assembled and fighting erupted. This was in Massachusettes.
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This Congress crated the Continental Army. George Washington was general. They issued the "Olive Branch Petition" as a final peace offer, but it was rejected.
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This document was issued by the Continental Congress. It was written by Thomas Jefferson, from VA. The colonists officially separated from England.
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American leaders adopted a weak national government with the Articless of Confederation. This made the government too weak to meet the needs of the country. There were many weaknesses and very few strenghts of it.
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The revolutionary war ended in Yorktown where a French general developed a plan. The French Navy blockaded the exit of the Chesapeake Bay. They surrounded Cornwallis, and caused him to surrender.
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This was a time period of that the US was under the Articles of Confederation. The few succcesses included the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. Problems during this period involved war debt, inflation, and international problems.
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England acknowledged American independence. This created the voundaries of the United States, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River.
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This was created during the Critical Period. It developed a plan for surveying the western lands that no one had really been to.
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This was called to settle disputes among states over commerce. Only 5 states decided to show up so they decided to hold another meeting to revise the Articles of Confederation.
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There were 2 key leaders, George Washington and James Madison. They came up with 2 different plans and then came up with compromises to meet in the middle for each plan.
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This was also a part of the Critical Period. This ordinance provided a process for the creation and administration of new states.
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This compromise created a two house congress, including the senate and the House of Representatives. This balanced the power between large and small states.
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Shay's Rebellion was one of the problems during the Critical Period. This was when debt-ridden farmers in Massachusetts rebel due to high taxes.
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Thsi compromise counted slaves as 3/5ths of a person when they were trying to determine the state's representation in the House of Reps. This was very good for the southern states because they had more slaves.
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George Washington was the first president of the US. He set up the government, including the court system. He decided to keep the US neutral and not involve us in a war between the French and British.
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This was created during Washington's presidency. This act set up the court system in the United States.
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This is the first ten ammendments. It deals with rights and liberties. James Madison wrote it. While writing the Bill of Rights, James Madison consulted the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the VA Statute of Religious Freedom.
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The cotton gin was created by Eli Whitney in the deep south. The invention increased the amount of slavery needed and it expanded westward. Growing cotton required lots of labor.
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John Adam's defeated his democratic-republican enemy, Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1796. During his presidency, he did many things including ordering the American Navy to start attacking French ships.
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In the election of 1800, Jefferson defeated John Adams. This was the first peaceful transfer of power between the parties. During his presidency, Jefferson mad the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the US.
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This was a slave revolt. It was held in Richmond, Virginia by Gabe Prosser.
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This purchase was made by Thomas Jefferson. He bought the land from France and it doubled the size of the US. He sent Lewis and Clark on an expedition to explore the land that was purchased.
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This was a court case in the Marshall Court. Marshall declared a law unconstitutional and this case was important because it established the power of judicial review.
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The war was caused by british interference with American shipping and the fact that the british aided the Indians in the west. President Madison called for war and was supported by the southern and western democratic-republicans.
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This case was another that took place in the Marshall court.In this case, Marshall upheld the federal government's rights to establish a bank. This case is important because it established the doctorine of implied powers.
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The Missouri Compromise divided the LA Purchase at 36*, 30'. North of the mine was free states and south of the line was slave states. This maintained a balance of slave and free states, The north was industrial and the south was agricultural.
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This compromise divided the Louisiana Purchase. North of the line was free states and south of the line was slave states. Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri was admitted as a free state.
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Another case in the Marshall Court. The court overturned a steamboat monopoly. This case was important because it confirmed the federal government's power over commerce.
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Created by President Monroe in 1823. The key ideas included a warning to Europe against future colonization in the Americas. It cemented the US's policy of isolationism towards Europe until WW1.
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Andrew Jackson won the election in 1824 against John Quincy Adams because now more common people could vote and they liked Jackson. He created the Spoils System and the Indian Removal Act of 1830 which basically killed a lot of native americans and he did a lot of things that people thought were good then but were actually really stupid.
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AKA the Jacksonian Era. This was a time when democracy in the US expanded and more people got involved in the electoral process. Americans no longer let aristocrats make all the decisions.
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Andrew Jackson created this act/law. It forced all indians east of the mississippi river to move to indian territory, which is present day oklahoma.
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Another slave revolt, held in Southampton VA. It was led a band of slaves against 4 plantations. Nat Turner was caught and hung.
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This was fought for the Texans independance, which they won. It was led by Sam Houstan and it established the Republic of Texas.
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The alamo was an old mission house that Texans fortified themselves. Mexican General Santa Anna attacked with superior forces and they fought until their last man died.
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President James J Polk urged war because he wanted the southwest but mexico wouldn;t sell. The US defeated Mexico easily and we won the southwest.
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This was the first women's rights convention. Took place in NY and was led by Elizabeth Stanton. Created the Seneca Falls Declaration that outlined women's grievences and rights.
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Gold was discovered in California and "49ers" rushed to Ca to get gold for themselves.
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This was part of the COmpromise of 1850. It made it easier to catch runaway slaves. Many notherners refused to enforce this law because it went against his beliefs.
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The compromise entered California as a free state and the southwestern territories would decide on their own whether to be a free or slave state.
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This is a book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe that was widely read. The book increased support in the north for abolition.
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A big topic in politics and the US congress finally decided to annex texas and it became a part of the US.
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This act repealed the Missouri Compromise Lineby giving Kansas and Nebraska popular soverignty. The could choose on their own. It led to Bleeding Kansas which was a big fight. The result was the birth of the republican party that formed to oppose the spread of slavery.
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A slave named Dred Scott sued for freedom after being taken into free territory by his owner. The supreme court ruled that: african americans are not citizens so he had no right to sue. This case overturned efforts to limit the spread of slavery.
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The main issue during this election was slavery. Abraham Lincoln, a republican, won this election.
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Indians were forced off their land onto smaller and smaller reservations.
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Fort Sumter was in SC, but remained under union control. Confederates fired on union ships that were there to resupply. This was the first battle of the civil war.
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This was a law that gave free public land in the west in 160 acre plots. The only condition was that the settlers had to use it for 5 years.
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Lee, confederate, went north and lost at Antiem, Maryland. The main effect of this battle was that Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclimation.
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The proclamation freed slaves in the rebelling states. The new northern war aim was to abolish slavery, not just to restore the union.
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Lee pushed north into PA. It was a three day battle. Lee had to retreat. This battle was the turning point of the war.
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This battle took place in Mississippi. Grat won and this cut the confer=deracy in half.
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This was a short speech given by Lincoln dedicating the cemetary in Gettysburg. Key points included that they were one nation, not separate states and the war was a struggle to preserve the nation.
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After the war, they had to rebuild the south because it was devestated. During the reconstruction they also had to determine the position of african americans.
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Lee surendered. Lee urged southerners to accept surrender and unite and americans.
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Shortly after the war, President Lincoln was assassinated. John Wilkes Booth shot him.
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This act put the south under military occupation. The south didn't like it at all.
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Hayes vs. Tilden, they disputed election results. Hayes ended up becoming president.
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JImC row laws established separate facilities for whites and blacks. Included schools, trains, bathrooms, etc. Black facilities were always inferior.
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This amendment abolished slavery in the US.
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This amendment gave citizenship to blacks. It also prohibited states from denying equal rights to any american.
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This amendment gave voting rights to African Americans.
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This is a union founded by Uriah Stevens.
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A union founded by Eugene V. Debs for railway workers. It was an industrial union for skilled and unskilled workers.
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One way the US put restrictions on immigration. This act banned almost ALL chinese.
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This was a Knights of Labor protest in Chicago. A boimb went off near police and 8 protesters were convicted.
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The goal of this act was to americanize the indians. It broke up reservations and divided them into individual plots. This act legally abolished tribes.
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This was a strike by the Pullman railway workers. Thsi strike started a nationwide railroad boycott and the federal government ended it.
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This was a plan under which Indians would be forced to adopt american culture.
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This act prevented any business structure that restrained trade. The goal was to outlaw monopolies, but it was not successful.
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A major gun battle. The plant manager for Carnegie Steel Plant called Pinkerton Detective Agency.
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Supreme Court said separate but not equal did not violate the 14th ammendment. This upheld Jim Crow laws of segregation.
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This was a craft union for skilled workers from multiple industries. The founder was Samuel Gompers.
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She was a strong leader during the womens suffrage movement.
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Early 20th century reform movement that used the government to institute reforms to fix problems caused by industrialization.
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This amendment gave the US government the power to tax citizens.
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This was an expansion of the Sherman act. The act outlawed price fixing and it exempts unions from the Sherman Act.
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This amendment let voters select senetors now instead of state legislatures.
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This creates the Federal Trade Comission. They investigate business practices.
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Women gain the right to vote with this amendment.
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This act put a quota of how many immigrants could come from each country. It allowed more from old areas than new areas. It basically ended immigration for several decades.
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The time of severe economic hardship in the United States.When the economy crashed causing everything else to crash.
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Hoover was president at the start of the great depression and was not liked very much. People blamed him for the great depression and the failure of the US.
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The day that the stock market crashed. This signaled the beggining of the Great Depression.
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Agreat drought in the midwest that caused the land to be dry and no one could farm on it. Huge dust storms emerged and caused many farmers to move to California to pursue farming.
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A program in the new deal that insured bank deposits. It also regulated banks to prevent them from failing again.
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the biggest program in the new deal that provides safeguards for workers. It provided the disabled and unemployed compensation and old age pensions.
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A plan produced by FDR to improve the lives in the US. Included many programs for relief, recovery, and reform.
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Franklin Roosevelt was elected towards the end of the great depression to help the US. FDR presented the New Deal and helped play a part in the US getting out of the great depression.
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This was an important part of the new deal. It set maximum working hours and minimum wages for workers.
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This act protected worker's rights to form unions and engage in collective bargining.
