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Indian Removal
President Andrew Jackson signed the act in 1830. This was made to exchange the land west of the Mississippi for the Indian lands that were being used to be given to the whites. Many tribes went peacefully but other resisted relocation. -
Manifest Destiny
It was based off of the idea that God wanted the American people to make the U.S. stretch from coast to coast. This helped get people motivated to settle in the West. It worked and people started heading west and making trails. -
political machines
This machines made sure that people voted for a certain person in large cities. Each machine had a "party boss". Those who helped the machines got granted jobs and building contracts. An example is in New York City in the mid 19th century. -
Susan B. Anthony
She was an activist for many social issues, one for example is she wanted to abolish slavery. At a conference for anti-slavery, Susan B. Anthony met Elizabeth Cady Stanton which would soon lead the National Woman Suffrage Association. She wanted women to have rights when she was denied the chance to speak at a temperance convention. -
Nativism
As the Gilded Age raised people were concerned about immigration. These concerns led to nativism in the U.S. This is the belief that certain skills are "native" or in the brain since birth. The policy was established to protect the interests of native born citizens of the U.S. against immigrants. -
Homestead Act
Signed by President Abraham Lincoln to encourage Western Migration. With this act Lincoln gave settlers 160 acres of land for a small fee. Settlers were required 5 year complete year of residence in exchange for the land title. -
Civil Service Reform Act
Called the Pendleton Act, law that created the US Civil service commission. It placed federal employees on the merit system. This ended to "spoils system. -
Haymarket Riot
A labor protest rally close to Chicago's Haymarket Square quickly turned into a riot after someone decided to throw a bomb at a police. 8 people died from the violence from that day. This day is considered a set back for the people fighting for rights like the eight hour work days. -
Dawes Act
This act was used to make Native Indians get rid of their culture and live as whites by taking away their land and giving it to them only if they agreed to leaving everything behind. Reservation where divided up and given to men with families. They would be granted US citizenship if they agreed to this. -
Jane Addams
She founded the Hull House, the first settlement house, in the U.S. She made the settlement house to help new immigrants. The idea behind the settlement house was to place the poor with the wealthy so they can both learn from each other. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew carnegie was born in Scotland but then moved to the United States when he was young. As he got older he started working in railroad jobs. Then he owned the biggest steel company in the world. -
Ida B. Wells
She led an anti-lynching crusade in the 1890s. She was active in groups that aimed for African American justice. She bit a man on the hand when she was forcibly removed from the first class area on the train which she had paid for. -
William Jennings Bryan
Bryan was elected in Congress in 1890. He was an editor of the Omaha World-Herald after he got defeated in congress. He was also a liberal leader. -
Muckraker
It was used during the progressive era to characterize journalists who made leaders seem corrupt. Muckrakers had large audiences because they would write for popular magazines. Many people believed and trusted them. -
Initiative & Referendum
This allows fro voters to remove an elected official from office. It allows many states to place a new legislation on a popular ballot. These were reforms of the progressive era. -
Eugene V. Debbs
He created the American Railroad Union. Debbs was active during the labor movement of the 1870s. He was also a presidential candidate of the Socialist Party of American five times. -
Clarence Darrow
A lawyer for many dramatic criminal trials. He defended V. Debs when he was arrested at the Pullman Strikes. He moved to Chicago to attempt to free an anarchist from the Haymarket Riot. -
Klondike Gold Rush
As gold got discovered in the Yukon Territory people traveled there to find gold. Many did not become rich because was was hard to mine. The ones that got rich were usually big gold companies. -
Immigration & the American Dream
Where "rags to riches" came to place of mind when moving to America. It was a big deal in the 1900's because everyone was optimistic about moving to the U.S. When the got here they would work jobs where they would sometimes get a better wage than the local Americans (depending where they lived). -
Theodore Roosevelt
He served as the 26th president of the U.S. He is the youngest president to ever serve. He won a Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese war. -
Pure Food & Drug Act
This act prevents the sale of dangerous medicines and misbranded food. It required that active ingredients from a drug to be labeled. Also that drugs cannot fall below their purity level. -
16th Amendment
Ratified by congress in 1913. This amendment allowed congress to impose a Federal income tax. With the federal income tax collected, Congress doesn't have to share with the states. -
Dollar Diplomacy
This is a gov't policy that promotes the business interests of US citizens in other countries. This was done during President Taft's term. It was aimed in Latin American and in East Asia. -
Federal Reserve Act
This act created the central banking system if the U.S. It was established for economic stability in the U.S. It also helped small banks to stay in business by regulating banking. -
17th Amendment
Passed in 1913. States that senators are chosen by the people. Also the senators have a term of six years. -
Suffrage
This is the right to vote in elections. The woman's suffrage is the most known in the U.S. They wanted to be able to vote just like men because they deserve a saying too. The 19th amendment later granted the right to women to vote. -
Urbanization
This is were industries and many immigrants were the growth of cities. People would move closer to factories to work and be close to their jobs. During this time agricultural started to be less common. In 1920 that is when the percentage of people living in an urban area surpassed the rural percentage. -
18th Amendment1
This took effect in the year 1920. It prohibited the sale and distribution of alcohol. This is the only amendment to have ever been rejected by the people. -
19th Amendment
It was ratified in 1920. This allowed for women to vote in state and federal elections. The last State to approve this amendment was Tennessee. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
Albert Bacon Fall had secret leasing of federal oil reserves. He allowed companies to control gov't oil reserves in exchange for money and gifts. After going investigation Fall was arrested. -
Industrialization
Is the development of industries in a country. This took a big part at the start of WWII because there was a need for many supplies. Manual labor was replaced by mass production of machines and assembly lines. -
Upton Sinclair
Sinclair won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. He wrote about 100 books in his life. His most known book was The Jungle which talked about the unhealthy conditions of the meat packing industry. -
Third Parties Politics
Third parties help see some issues that are not addressed by the 2 major parties. The American Independent party is an example of a 3rd party and it has had some successes. George Wallace won electoral votes. -
The Gilded Age
This age was the last few decades of the 19th century. It was a period of transformation in customs of America. It played a big role in the development of the American ways. -
Populism & Progressivism
People didn't know what the difference between populism and progressivism in the late 19th century. The populism theory is older than progressivism. Populism is usually made from general masses. It is a down-up movement. Progressivism is a up-down movement.
