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Indian Removal
It was the removal of Indians, mostly the Cherokee and other members of the five civilized nations from Georgia and other areas. They had to relocate to reservations in Oklahoma. -
Manifest Destiny
The phrase Manifest Destiny was used by John L. O’sullivan in an article. Its belief was Anglo Saxon Americans mission was to expand their civilization across North America. It was the progress of liberty and economic opportunity. -
Homestead Act
The homestead act expanded and helped develop the United States. It granted land for agriculture, this was a way for pioneers to get land. -
Haymarket Riot
The riot was a violent battle with police and labour protesters. Workers began a strike they wanted to gain shorter work days. Many were injured and 8 died that day. -
The Dawes Act
The Dawes act was an act to provide lands in severalty to Indians on various reservations. It emphasized severalty and the treatment of Native Americans as individuals besides a member of tribes. -
Klondike Gold Rush
The Klondike Gold Rush was one of the last great gold rushes. It increased awareness of northern frontiers in Alaska and Canada. Gold was discovered along the Klondike River. It was a tremendous amount of gold that was found. -
Urbanization & Industrialization
Industrialization centered on cities with factories needing for labor. It was a dramatic change in the US people from rural areas moved to the city for work. Quickly shifted from an agricultural nation to an urban nation. -
Populism & Progressivism
Populism & Progressivism were both implanted to initiate national progress. Progressivism was uplifting the country by socio-economic and political reforms, it was supported by the elite, rich and powerful politicians. Populism was anit-capitalistic that favored agriculture, it was supported between the elite and lower classes. -
Political Machines
It controlled activities of political parties in cities. Ward bosses and city bosses worked to make sure their candidates were elected and to make sure government worked to their advantage. -
The Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was a time of economic growth, growth in technology, and industry. It was a period of glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath. The production of iron and steel rose dramatically and railroads developed. -
Third Parties Politics
Third Parties Politics in the late 1800s emerged from divisions over slavery. In city parties the bosses organized voters. The three party politics of that time were democrats, republicans, and populist. -
Nativism
It impacted politics because of the large inflows of immigrants from cultures kinda different from American. The objective was to Irish Roman Catholics because of the loyalty to the Pope and the rejection of republicanism. Many nativist joined the American Protective Association. They had hatred for Chinese. They were Americans that sought to limit immigration and preserve the country for white protestants. -
Susan B. Anthony
She was a pioneer crusader. The supported the woman suffrage movement in the United States. She became the president of the National American Woman Suffrage movement. She wanted to give women the right to vote and her work helped achieve that in 1920. -
Dollar Diplomacy
The Dollar Diplomacy was a foreign policy. It was to ensure financial stability of a region while protecting and extending American commercial and financial interest. This policy was created by William Howard Taft. -
Federal Reserve Act
The act was created to establish a form of economic stability through the introduction of the central bank. This act was one of the most influential laws with the financial system. It gave 12 reserved banks the ability to print money for economic stability. -
Teddy Roosevelt
He became the 26th president of the United States. He built a canal across Panama. He created the Monroe Doctrine,which was an American foreign policy and the pure food and drug act. He won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize. His progressive policies were important reforms of 20th century. -
Andrew Carnegie-
He was a Gilded age industrialist and a major philanthropist. He utilized the new technology Bessemer blast furnace. He owned the Carnegie Steel Company, which became the largest steel company in America. -
16th, 17th, 18th, 19th Amendments
The 16th amendment was passed in 1913 it gave congress power to tax income. The 17th amendment was also passed in 1913 it calls for direct election of senators by the voters. The 18th amendment was passed in 1919 it prohibited the manufacture, sale and giving of alcoholic drinks. The 18th amendment was repealed by the 21st amendment. The 19th amendment was passed in 1920 and it allowed women the right to vote. -
Social Gospel
Social Gospel attempted to apply biblical teaching to problems associated with industrialization. It was the transformation of American Protestantism and it was a liberal movement. It intersected with the political, social and economical forces of changing America. -
Muckraker
A Muckraker was brave reporters exposed injustice so grave they made the average American run cold. Upton Sinclair “The Jungle” sprung muckraking articles. The articles exposed waste, corruption, abusive politics, industry and society. -
Suffrage
Suffrage is the right to vote. Suffrage in this time period is most related to women’s movement to win voting rights. In the 19th amendment it allowed women to vote, which was passed in the year 1920. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Tea Pot Dome Scandal was a scandal surrounding the secret leasing of federal oil reserves by secretary of the interior. The scandal ruined President Warren G. Harding’s reputation. Secretary Interior Albert Fall was convicted of taking bribes from oil exclusives. -
William Jennings Bryan
He was a democrat and populist leader. He was a Nebraska congressmen. He was considered to be the leader of the free silver movement. He made a speech called “Cross of gold” that wanted free silver. He wanted peace, prohibition and stufferage, so he started campaigns that criticized the teaching of evolution. -
Eugene V. Debs
He was a labor organizer and socialist. He organized the American Railway Union, which was against the Pullman Company of Chicago. He went to prison for not supporting the US involvement in WWII. -
Immigration & the American Dream
Many immigrants came to America looking for greater economic opportunity or religious freedom. The American Dream is the ideal of freedom, equality and opportunity for Americans. James Truslow Adams wrote about the American Dream in a writing called “Epic of America.” -
Ida B. Wells
She was a civil rights activist and a journalist. She was a crusader for justice and supported democracy. She protested against lynching and fought for black rights. -
Jane Addams
She created a settlement house for the poor immigrants and slums. The house was called Hull house. She was a pacifist, she fought for peace, fought for no child labor, women's rights, and she was the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. -
Clarence Darrow
He was a lawyer and journalist. He was apart of the American Civil Liberties Union and helped form the intercollegiate socialist society. He worked as a defence counsel in dramatic criminal trials. He attempted to free the anarchist charge in Haymarket riot. He also defended Eugene V. Debs. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
The Pure Food and Drug Act purpose was to protect the public against adulteration of food from products healthful without scientific report. -
Upton Sinclair
He was a American novelist, short story writer, and playwright. His work reflected socialist views. He wrote a novel called “The Jungle” over the U.S meat packing industry. It led to the Meat inspection act. -
Civil Service Reform
The civil service reform act required federal jobs to be determined by performance on an exam. This also prevented employees from being fired because of their political views. It ended the patronage and spoils system in the federal government. -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
Initiative is the process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing constitutional amendments on a ballot. The initiative was adopted in South Dakota. Referendum is the measure that appears on the ballot. Recall is a procedure that allows citizens to remove and replace a public official before the end of a term or office.
