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14th amendment
is the right to free slaves -
15th amendment
Gave the rights of citizens of the United States to vote shall and they can't be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. -
eleanor roosevelt
a leader in her own right and involved in numerous humanitarian causes throughout her life. She was strongly known for her women's right movement. She was also the niece of President Theodore Roosevelt. -
plessy v. ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson was a Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the doctrine of "separate but equal. -
Thurgood marshall
a counsel to the NAACP, he utilized the judiciary to champion equality for African Americans. In 1954, he won the Brown v. Board of Education case, in which the Supreme Court ended racial segregation in public schools. Marshall was appointed to the Supreme Court in 1967. -
LBJ
the 36th President of the United States. Before becoming president, he was a U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. Upon taking office, Johnson launched an ambitious slate of progressive reforms aimed at alleviating poverty and creating what he called a "Great Society" for all Americans. -
NAACP
made originally for Blacks. During the beginning, the NAACP focused on legal strategies designed to confront the critical civil rights issues of the day. -
orval faubus
a six-term Democratic governor of Arkansas famous for his stand against integration of Little Rock, Arkansas schools in 1957 in defiance of U.S. Supreme Court rulings. -
rosa parks
civil rights activisit. She was most popular for her refusal to surrender her seat to a white passenger on a Montgomery, Alabama bus spurred a city-wide boycott. The city of Montgomery had no choice but to lift the law requiring segregation on public buses. She received many accolades, including the NAACP's highest award. -
Hector p. garcia
He was a passionate advocate for Hispanic-American rights in the United States. -
george wallace
bcame the governor of Alabama. He was a national spotlight during the civil rights battles of the 1960s by vehemently opposing the federally mandated integration of Alabama schools. -
19 amendment
forbids voting rights discrimination anywhere in the United States based on sex, aka gave women to vote. -
cesar chavez
He brought attention to the plight of farmworkers, and formed both the National Farm Workers Association. As a labor leader, he led marches, boycotts, and went on several hunger strikes. -
Martin l. king jr
a Baptist minister and civil-rights activist, had a seismic impact on race relations in the United States. Through his activism, he played a pivotal role in ending the legal segregation of African-American citizens in the South and other areas of the nation. One of the most lauded African-American leaders in history, famours for the speech, "I Have a Dream." -
The League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)
was created to combat the discrimination that Hispanics face in the United States. Established February 17, 1929 in Corpus Christi, Texas, LULAC was a consolidation of smaller, like-minded civil rights groups already in existence -
Delores Huerta
helped improve social and economic conditions for farm workers and to fight discrimination. She created the Agricultural Workers Association and co-founded the United Farm Workers. -
federal housing authority
A United States government agency that provides mortgage insurance to qualified, FHA-approved lenders. FHA mortgage insurance helps protect lenders from losses associated with mortgage default; if a borrower defaults on a loan, the FHA will pay a specified claim amount to the lender -
social sercurity
A federal program that provides monetary assistance to people with an inadequate or no income. -
Congress on Racial Equality (CORE)
Founded in 1942 by an interracial group of students in Chicago, the Congress of Racial Equality pioneered the use of nonviolent direct action in America’s civil rights struggle. Along with its parent organization, the Fellowship of Reconciliation, CORE members provided advice and support to Martin Luther King during the Montgomery bus boycott. King worked with CORE throughout the late 1950s and into the mid-1960s, when CORE abandoned its dedication to nonviolence and adopted black separatist -
mendez v. westminster
Gonzalo and Felícitas Méndez sent their children off to the local school, only to be told that the youngsters would have to attend a reserved for Mexican Americans. In response the Méndezes and other aggrieved parents from nearby school districts went to federal court to challenge the segregation. Uniquely, they did not claim racial discrimination, since Mexicans were legally considered white, but rather discrimination based on ancestry and supposed “language deficiency." -
delgado v. bastrop ISD
When the Delgado, et. al. v. Bastrop Independent School District case began, it was about their complaint for the Mexican American parents, the attorneys argued that the school districts had “prohibited, barred, and excluded” Mexican American children from attending public school with “other white school children” in violation of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution’s Fourteenth Amendment. -
civil rights movement
A worldwide movement for equality before the law. This period took place starting in the 50's and ending in the 80's. -
non-violent protest
A type of protest that involves no actions that cause harm to an individual, but may recieve damage by other people. These types of protest are the most effective during the Civil Rights Movement. -
sweat v. painter
Concluded that a newly created state law school for African‐Americans in Texas was in no objective way equal to the University of Texas Law School. -
hernandez v. texas
In 1951, Pete Hernandez, a 21-year-old, single, Mexican-American cotton picker, was drinking with a friend at a bar in Edna, a small town in Jackson County, Texas, when he became disruptive and was removed from the bar. Pete went home, obtained a gun, returned, and shot Joe Espinosa. In September 1951, he was indicted for murder. He thought it wasn't fair since the court upheld the exclusion of Mexican-American jurors from a trial in which the defendant was Mexican-American. -
brown v. board of education
Linda Brown was been denied permission to attend an elementary school only five blocks from her home in Topeka, Kansas. School officials refused to register her at the nearby school, assigning her instead to a school for nonwhite students some 21 blocks from her home. Separate elementary schools for whites and nonwhites were maintained by the Board of Education in Topeka. Linda Brown's parents filed a lawsuit upon the manner. This case provided a source to de-segergationize the schools. -
sonia sotomayor
Born in New York, she was a U.S. District Court Judge in 1992 and was elevated to the U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals in 1998. In 2009, she became the first Latina Supreme Court Justice in U.S. history. -
Montgomery bus boycott
That was the day when the blacks of Montgomery, Alabama, decided that they would boycott the city buses until they could sit anywhere they wanted, instead of being relegated to the back when a white boarded. -
southern christian leadership confrence (SNCC)
The civil-rights organization was founded in 1957 by Martin Luther King, Jr., and headed by him until his assassination in 1968.The main reason it was made was to advance the cause of civil rights in America but in a non-violent manner. -
civil rights act of 1957
The goal of the 1957 Civil Rights Act was to ensure that all Americans could exercise their right to vote. -
SNCC
A civil-rights organization formed by students during the 1960s, whose aim was to achieve political and economic equality for blacks through local and regional action groups. -
jim crow laws
From the 1880s into the 1960s, a majority of American states enforced segregation through "Jim Crow" law. From Delaware to California, and from North Dakota to Texas, many states could impose legal punishments on people for consorting with members of another race. The most common types of laws forbade intermarriage and ordered business owners and public institutions to keep their black and white clientele separated. -
militant protest
African American leadership spoke increasingly of the limits of political successes, of the absence of accompanying economic change, and of the relationship between racial problems at home and affairs in which the United States was engaged abroad. Opposition also grew to the strategy of nonviolent resistance as its failure to alter significantly the lives of ghetto dwellers was perceived by some blacks. Unrest among urban African Americans resulted in a series of riots beginning in the Watts sec -
affirmation action
Equal opportunity employment measures that Federal goverrnment are legally required to adopt. Factors like: race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or national origin. -
march on washington
The March on Washington attracted an estimated 250,000 people for a peaceful demonstration to promote Civil Rights and economic equality for African Americans. People walked down Constitution and Independence avenues during this march. This led to the most known speech in the world: "I Have a Dream -
Barbara Jordan
was an American politician and a leader of the Civil Rights movement. She was the first African American elected to the Texas Senate after Reconstruction and the first southern black female elected to the United States House of Representatives. -
UFWOC
Began in 1962 as a coalition of poorly paid migrant farm workers and grew into a powerful Labor Union that has consistently fought to increase wages and improve working conditions for its members. -
Betty Friedan
A leading figure in the Women's Movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the "second wave" of American feminism in the 20th century. In 1966, Friedan founded and was elected the first president of the National Organization for Women, which aimed to bring women "into the mainstream of American society now [in] fully equal partnership with men -
24th amendment
The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax -
great society
A plan by President Lyndon B. Johnson, chiefly to enact domestic programs to improve education, provide medical care for the aged, and eliminate poverty. -
civil rights act of 1964
Made it illegal to discriminate on the because of a person sex or race when it came to hiring, firing, and promoting on the job -
upward bound
A federal program that provides fundamental support to participants in their preparation for college entrance. -
head start
A Federal program targeting children ages 3-5 and providing a variety of services, including education in the form of preschool, and nutrition and medical services. -
medicare
A federal program that pays for certain health care cost for people aged 65 or older. -
voting rights act 1965
Outlawed discriminatory voting practices which existed to one degree or another in most of the states and was specifically targeting practices in the Southern states. -
black panthers
were formed in California in 1966 and they played a short but important part in the civil rights movement. The Black Panthers believed that the non-violent campaign of Martin Luther King had failed and any promised changes to their lifestyle via the 'traditional' civil rights movement, would take too long to be implemented or simply not introduced. -
national organiztion for women
The group was founded in 1966 to support "full equality for women in America in a truly equal partnership with men." The founder was Betty Friedan. -
25th amendment
Is in regards to the removal of the President from office by death or resignation and replacing with the VP. -
the american indian movement (AIM)
It began taking form when 200 people from the Indian community turned out for a meeting called by a group of Native American community activists led by George Mitchell, Dennis Banks, and Clyde Bellecourt. Frustrated by discrimination and decades of federal Indian policy, they came together to discuss the critical issues restraining them and to take control over their own destiny. Out of that ferment and determination, the American Indian Movement was born. -
Tinker v. de moines
This case affirmed the First Amendment rights of students in school. The Court held that a school district violated students’ free speech rights when it singled out a form of symbolic speech – black armbands worn in protest of the Vietnam War – for prohibition, without proving the armbands would cause substantial disruption in class. -
la raza unida(mexican american united)
Was an American political party centered on Chicano nationalism. The campaign campaigned for better housing, work, and educational opportunities for Mexican-Americans. -
26 amendment
allows citizens othe age of 18 the right to vote -
tite IX
Protects people from discrimination based on sex in education programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance. -
egdewood ISD v. kirby
