-
United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state; caused the Supreme Court to declare the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.
-
The war began when Confederate warships bombarded Union soldiers at Fort Sumter, South Carolina on April 12, 1861.
-
The Battle of Gettysburg took place on July 1-3, 1863 in and near the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. This battle was one of the most important battles of the Civil War for the North. Robert E. Lee had invaded the North and was trying to defeat the Union Army once and for all. However, the Union Army held him off and sent him retreating. This was a major turning point in the war.
-
On March 3, 1865, the Congress created the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Commonly known as the Freedmen's Bureau, its original charter was for one year, though it was reorganized within the war department in July 1866.
-
Southern legislatures begin drafting 'Black Codes' To reestablish white supremacy.
-
a Northerner who went to the South after the Civil War and became active in Republican politics, especially so as to profiteer from the unsettled social and political conditions of the area during Reconstruction.
-
Brakemen and firemen from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad walk off the job at Camden Junction, Maryland, initiating a wildcat strike that will shut down thousands of miles of track throughout the northeastern United States.
-
Patented bt Thomas Edison. This was the first major step in the growth of electricity. By 1890 electricity ran many machines in factories.
-
A rally in Chicago's Haymarket Square in support of striking workers from McCormick Harvester Works ends when a bomb is thrown, killing six policemen and wounding more than 60 others. Eight anarchists are convicted of the crime, but all supporters of unions and the eight-hour day are found guilty by association in the public eye.
-
This Act was the first federal law to limit cartels and monopolies, and today still formsthe basis for most antitrust by the united states federal government. politicians were unwillling to refer to the law until Theodre Roose.
-
Henry Frick, Chairman of the Board of Carnegie Steel and plant manager at Carnegie's Homestead steel plant, shuts down the factory and locks out its employees when negotiations with representatives from the Amalgamated Association of Steel and Iron Workers break down.
-
The workers at Pullman's company wages were cut , putting them in a hard situation. Pullman refused to negotiate with the workers they went on strike
-
The result of American intervention in the ongoing Cuban War if independence.
-
The United States did not have a sphere of influence in China. Secretary of State John Hay produced the Open Door Notes which declared that China should be open to trade with all countries
-
Theodore Roosvelt wanted a strong global military presence for the U.S., and believed building the canal was the way to get it. After many issues, negotiations, and resolutions, this dream became true.
-
The British ocean liner RMS Lusitania, which primarily ferried people and goods across the Atlantic Ocean between the United States and Great Britain, was torpedoed by a German U-boat and sunk.
-
The Zimmermann Telegram was a 1917 diplomatic proposal from the German Empire for Mexico to join the Central Powers, in the event of the United States entering World War I on the side of the Entente Powers.
-
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers.
-
The Palmer Raids involved mass arrests and deportation of radicals at the height of the post World War I era red scare. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer encouraged the raids in the hope that they would advance his presidential ambitions.
-
International association established to keep peace that failed after members withdrew from it. The withdrawal of these members started a tension between the countries. This tension escalated later during the Cold War.
-
This new amendment prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex. The amendment was a culmination of the women's suffrage movement which was fought throughout the nation to achieve the vote. Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony were the original drafters of the amendment.
-
35,000 Ku Klux Klan known as the KKK preached Americanism based on racism, anti- Catholicism, anti- Communism, nativism, and anti-Semitism. At it’s peak in the 1920 approximately 4 million people were members of the KKK. The march on Washington demonstrated the public acceptance of the KKK and it’s views. Ku Klux Klan members march to show support for the KKK.
-
July 5, 1935 Congress passes the National Labor Relations Act, better known as the Wagner Act, to support the right of workers to organize and bargain collectively with employers over working conditions, benefits, and wages. The act also bans certain unfair business practices.
-
The Social Security Act of 1935 is signed into law by FDR. Among the most controversial stipulations of the act is that Social Security will be financed through a payroll tax. Historian Kenneth S. Davis calls the signing of the act "one of the major turning points of American history.
-
The slow economic recovery made possible by New Deal programs suffers a setback as unemployment rises. FDR's detractors call it the start of the "Roosevelt recession.
-
Germany and the Soviet Union agree to divide control of Poland, along the Bug River--the Germans taking everything west, the Soviets taking everything east.
-
Hundreds of Japanese fighter planes attacked the American naval base at Pearl Harbor near Honolulu, Hawaii. The Japanese managed to destroy nearly 20 American naval vessels, including 8 battleships, and almost 200 airplanes. More than 2,000 Americans soldiers and sailors died in the attack, and another 1,000 were wounded.
-
Battle of the Bulge in the Ardennes. December 16-27. It was the last major Nazi offensive against the Allies. The battle was a last ditch attempt by Hitler to split the Allies in two in their drive towards Germany and destroy their ability to supply for themselves.
-
In The August of 1945, the Japanese surrendered giving Vietnam a chance at independence. Ho Chi Minh, a communist, organized a revolt against the French. Ho quickly occupied Hanoi in North Vietnam claiming an independent Vietnam.
-
President Harry S. Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
-
When the Soviet Union blocked all shipments in and out of Berlin. Airlifted military supplies to American garrison in the city. This is important becuase it showed how the Soviet Union indirectly fought this war.
-
Rosa Parks is arrested in Montgomery, Alabama for refusing to give up her seat on the bus for a white person. This launches a huge bus boycott .
-
The 24th amendment was put into place. This amendment ended the poll tax. Before this amendment many blacks couldnt afford to vote. The 24th amendment made it easier for blacks to vote.
-
President Johnson signed this into effect. this Act eliminated discrimination of any kind. Title VII also established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
-
U.S. Arial Bombing- Operation Rolling Thunder- March 2, 1965. This was a name given to Americans sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. This was a demonstration of American’s near total air supremacy during the war. Operation Rolling Thunder failed on both accounts.
-
January 31, 1968, the Vietnamese began celebrating Tet, their New Year holiday. Using the celebrations as cover, Vietcong and North Vietnamese soldiers launched attacks on every major city in South Vietnam. The Tet offensive set in motion a sequence of events that marked a major turning point of the Vietnam war.
