TIMELINE OF MAJOR ETHICAL PHILOSOPHIES (Discussed in Grade 12 ABM, BESOR SUBJECT) SPSPS
By prettyfranz
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He is an Athenian philosopher whose questions and viewpoints are in opposition to the mainstream Athenian course. He was accused of poisoning the minds of young and denying the existence of Gods. People do wrongdoings, according to him, when they believe the rewards outweigh the costs. A person will only execute venial sin if he lacks sense of morality. Sometimes, even though a person has knowledge, he commits a despicable act.
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Plato was considered by many scholars to be one of the world's finest thinkers. He is also regarded as Western civilization's most influential philosopher. Plato's main goal is to question about people's perceptions of Gods and Goddesses, because they strive to have a happy life by being virtuous all of the time. It is false, according to Plato, and he hopes that people will reconsider their own ideals — being virtuous all of the time does not ensure a happy existence.
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He was dubbed "The First Teacher" in Arabic philosophy and "The Philosopher" in Western philosophy. He was interested with how man's actions might benefit him and the science behind it. He claimed that virtues are excellent habits that we create and that govern our emotions. In response to fear, one should develop bravery in order to face life. According to Aristotle's "Golden Mean Principle," living a life of moderation is the key to happiness. We should resist excesses in all we do.
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According to Thomas Hobbes, humans are innately greedy animals who will do anything to improve their status. As a result, they should not be trusted to make their own decisions. He also added that nations are created by men vying for power and wealth. If laws are not followed, the result will be chaos (according to Hobbes' moral positivism). His ideology is also applied in the corporate world, where laws are critical to maintaining peace.
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Utilitarianism can be traced back to the Epicureanism of the followers of the Greek philosopher Epicurus. However, it was widely attributed to Jeremy Bentham. The theory argues that what makes an act right is the result of of his decision not the motive of the action. An act is good when it gives you good results; otherwise, it is bad. The principle of Utilitarianism is used in Cost-Benefit Analysis and can be also used in the resolution of Labor Management Conflicts.