-
Born: ca. 1810 BC
Died: ca. 1750 BC
Created the Code of Hammurabi, one of the first written attempts to establish laws and justice for social coexistence. -
Dates uncertain, traditionally placed around the 13th century BC
Biblical tradition does not give exact birth and death dates.
Gave his people the Ten Commandments, ethical and religious norms that promoted equality and justice before God. -
Born: ca. 628 BC
Died: ca. 551 BC
Founder of Zoroastrianism; he defended that all human beings should freely choose between good and evil and act justly. -
Born: ca. 600 BC
Died: 530 BC
Known for the Cyrus Cylinder, considered the first charter of human rights for recognizing freedom of worship and respect among peoples. -
Born: ca. 427 BC in Athens
Died: ca. 347 BC in Athens
Reflected on justice, the common good, and the best form of government in works such as The Republic. -
Born: ca. 563 BC in Lumbini (present-day Nepal)
Died: ca. 483 BC in Kushinagar (India)
Preached compassion, spiritual equality, and the duty to avoid harming other living beings — principles applicable to human coexistence.