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Monroe Doctrine
A US policy that opposed European colonialism. The doctrine held four points: the United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers, the United States recognized and would not interfere with existing colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere,the Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization and any attempt by a European power to oppress or control any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the US. -
Panama Canal
An artificial 82 km waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The US took over the Panama Canal in 1904. This helped the US economically. -
Lost Generation
The generation reaching maturity during and just after World War I, a high proportion of whose men were killed during those years. -
"Influence of Sea Power on History"
A book published about the history of naval warfare in which its ideas were adopted by many which ultimately lead to the World War 1, naval arms race. -
"Jingoism"
Nationalism in the form of aggressive foreign policy. Theodore Roosevelt was always accused of jingoism. Roosevelt stated, "There is much talk about 'jingoism'. If by 'jingoism' they mean a policy in pursuance of which Americans will with resolution and common sense insist upon our rights being respected by foreign powers, then we are 'jingoes'." -
"Yellow Journalism"
American terms for journalism and associated newspapers that present little or no legitimate well-researched news while instead using eye-catching headlines for increased sales. They were used to exaggerate events and catch the publics attention. First appeared in 1895 in the New York World. -
Hawaiian Annexation
The annexation of Hawaii extended US territory into the Pacific ocean. Expanded the US economy and led to the rise of the US's Pacific power. Hawaii eventually became a state in 1959. -
De Lome Letter
A note written by Señor Don Enrique Dupuy de Lôme. It reveals De Lôme’s opinion about the Spanish involvement in Cuba and US President McKinley’s diplomacy. This caused bitterness between the US and Spain as the Spain ambassador was criticizing the US President. This caused America to go to war. -
Sinking of the Maine
The Maine was mysteriously blown up killing 260 men and officers onboard. The US blamed this disaster on Spain, starting the Spanish-American war. -
Teller Amendment
Made in reply to President McKinley's war message. It placed a condition on the US military presence in Cuba. It helped smooth over the conflict with Cuba. -
Philippine Independence
The Philippine Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on 12 June 1898 in Cavite II el Viejo, Philippines. -
Anti-Imperialist League
An organization created to battle American annexation of the Philippines. They did this for economic, racial, and legal reasons. This started somewhat of a war between America and the Philippines. -
Open door policy
Statement of principles that called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity. -
Jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States. It originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime. Jazz is seen by many as "America's classical music" -
Insular Cases
They were a series of opinions by the US supreme court about the status of US territories acquired by the Spanish-American war. This defined the relationships between America and their new territories. -
Square Deal
President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program, which reflected his three major goals: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection. These helped approach societies social problems. -
Platt Amendment
It created seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba has to sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. This changed Americas relations with Cuba. -
Socialist Party of America
A democratic socialist and social democratic political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of America. This greatly impacted politics as now people decided to take action and ask for the better treatment of people. -
Initiative, referandum, and recall
Was voted in place in 1902 by Oregon voters. Through these processes, voters can adopt a change in law, disapprove a law passed by the Legislature, or remove an elected official from office. -
Newlands reclamation act
United States federal law that funded irrigation projects for the arid lands of 20 states in the American West. This helped them significantly economically. -
Panamanian Revolt
The Panamanians launched a revolt after the columbian senate voted to reject a treaty that would've given the US broad control over the canal. -
Roosevelt Corollary
It was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address after the Venezuela Crisis. -
Russo-Japanese War
Fought during 1904 and 1905 between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and Korea. Japan ended up defeating Russia. -
The Jungle
A novel by Upton Sinclair. It was written to portray the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the United States in Chicago and similar industrialized cities. This helped the common people understand and learn more about the treatment of immigrants. -
Meat Inspection Act
American law that makes it a crime to adulterate or misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food, and ensures that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under strictly regulated sanitary conditions. This changed the way the meat industry was ran. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
It was the first of a series of significant consumer protection laws which was enacted by Congress in the 20th century and led to the creation of the Food and Drug Administration. -
Great White Fleet
A naval military unit of ships that completed a journey around the globe. This helped reinforce the US's naval presence. -
Scientific management
management of a business, industry, or economy, according to principles of efficiency derived from experiments in methods of work and production, especially from time-and-motion studies. -
NAACP
Civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a bi-racial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans. Helped change the views of colored people and helped gain them rights. -
16th Amendment
Allows Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states on the basis of population. Helped change the way Americans were taxed. -
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Factory fire in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, on March 25, 1911, was the deadliest industrial disaster in the history of the city, and one of the deadliest in U.S. history. It helped set up regulations for buildings and workers to ensure their safety and the safety of others. -
Spheres of influence
A country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority. America had a sphere of influence in Latin America in 1912. -
Bull Moose Party
The party's platform built on Roosevelt's Square Deal domestic program and called for several progressive reforms. Roosevelt created the party when he was denied the Republican party's nomination. -
17th Amendment
It established the popular election of United States senators by the people of the states. This changed the way elections were conducted and the way people became elected. -
Assembly line
a series of workers and machines in a factory by which a succession of identical items is progressively assembled. -
Federal Reserve Act
The law created the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States. -
Clayton Antitrust Act
Was a part of United States antitrust law with the goal of adding further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime; the Clayton Act sought to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency. -
Federal Trade Commission
Independent agency of the United States government whose principal mission is the enforcement of civil U.S. antitrust law and the promotion of consumer protection. Helped change the way products are managed. -
Submarine Warfare
Unrestricted submarine warfare was first introduced in World War I in early 1915, when Germany declared the area around the British Isles a war zone, in which all merchant ships, including those from neutral countries, would be attacked by the German navy. -
Lusitania
Lusitania was a British ocean liner that was sunk on 7 May 1915 by a German U-boat 11 miles off the southern coast of Ireland, killing 1,198 passengers and crew. The sinking presaged the United States declaration of war on Germany. -
Sussex Pledge
The Sussex Pledge was a promise made by Germany to the United States in 1916, during World War I before the latter entered the war. -
NWP
The National Woman's Party is an American women's political organization formed in 1916 to fight for women's suffrage. This helped significantly gain rights for women in many different ways. -
Zimmerman Telegram
The Zimmermann Telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico. -
Committee on Public Info
The Committee on Public Information, also known as the CPI or the Creel Committee, was an independent agency of the government of the United States created to influence public opinion to support US participation in World War I. -
Selective Service Act
The Selective Service Act of 1917 or Selective Draft Act authorized the United States federal government to raise a national army for service in World War I through conscription. -
Espionage Act
The Espionage Act of 1917 is a United States federal law passed on June 15, 1917, shortly after the U.S. entry into World War I. It has been amended numerous times over the years. -
War Industry Board
Used to coordinate the purchase of war supplies between the War Department and the Navy Department. -
Fourteen Points
Written by Woodrow Wilson, The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. -
National War Labor Board
An agency of the United States government established on April 8, 1918 to mediate labor disputes during World War I. -
Sedition Act
The Sedition Act of 1918 was an Act of the United States Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses, notably speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government or the war effort in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds. -
WW1 Armstice
The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, sea and air in World War I between the Allies and their opponent, Germany. -
Volstead Act
Volstead Act, formally National Prohibition Act, U.S. law enacted in 1919 (and taking effect in 1920) to provide enforcement for the Eighteenth Amendment, prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. -
Schenck v U.S.
Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47, was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning enforcement of the Espionage Act of 1917 during World War I. -
Palmer Raids
were a series of raids conducted in November 1919 and January 1920 during the First Red Scare by the United States Department of Justice under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson to capture and arrest suspected leftists, mostly Italian and Eastern European immigrants and especially anarchists and communists, and deport them from the United States. -
Harlem Renaissance
was an intellectual, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City, spanning the 1920s -
Radio & phonographs
he radio was certainly one of the most important inventions of the 1920s, because it not only brought the nation together, but it brought a whole new way for people to communicate and interact. -
Red Scare
A "Red Scare" is the promotion of a widespread fear of a potential rise of communism or anarchism by a society or state. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. -
League of Nations
The League of Nations, abbreviated as LN or LoN, was the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. -
Jones Act
The Jones Act has jurisdiction over vessels transporting goods between domestic ports, and these vessels must be owned, built and crewed by Americans. It had an important role in sustaining the American maritime industry. -
Quota Laws of ’21 & ‘24
The Emergency Quota Act of 1921 was a law restricting the number of new immigrants into the United States. It was rooted in social movements, political fears, and economic reasons the 24th Act, including the Asian Exclusion Act and ... President Calvin Coolidge declined to use his veto power to block the act, and it was signed into law on May 24, 1924 -
Teapot Dome Scandal
was a bribery scandal involving the administration of United States President Warren G. Harding from 1921 to 1923. -
Nine-Power China Treaty
The Nine-Power Treaty was a 1922 treaty affirming the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China as per the Open Door Policy. -
Five-Power Naval Treaty
Was a treaty signed during 1922 among the major nations that had won World War I, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction. -
Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan was a plan in 1924 that successfully resolved the issue of World War I reparations that Germany had to pay. It ended a crisis in European diplomacy following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles -
Scopes trial
The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes and commonly referred to as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was an American legal case in July 1925 in which a high school teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which had made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school -
Sacco & Vanzetti Case
In 1927, advocates for Sacco and Vanzetti charged that this case was brought first because a conviction for the Bridgewater crimes would help convict him for the Braintree crimes, where evidence against him was weak. -
Kellogg-Briand Treaty
The Kellogg–Briand Pact is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". There were no mechanisms for enforcement. -
Black Tuesday
October 29, 1929. On this date, share prices on the New York Stock Exchange completely collapsed, becoming a pivotal factor in the emergence of the Great Depression. -
Dust bowl
The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dry land farming methods to prevent the eolian processes caused the phenomenon. -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
formally United States Tariff Act of 1930, also called Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act, U.S. legislation (June 17, 1930) that raised import duties to protect American businesses and farmers, adding considerable strain to the international economic climate of the Great Depression. -
Japan takes Manchuria
The Japanese invasion of Manchuria began on 18 September 1931, when the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident. After the war, the Japanese established the puppet state of Manchukuo. -
Reconstruction Finance .Corp
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was a government corporation administered by the United States Federal Government between 1932 and 1957 that provided financial support to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations, and other businesses -
Bonus march/army
The Bonus Army was a group of 43,000 demonstrators – made up of 17,000 U.S. World War I veterans, together with their families and affiliated groups – who gathered in Washington, D.C. in mid-1932 to demand early cash redemption of their service certificates -
USSR Recognized
President Franklin Roosevelt ended almost 16 years of American non-recognition of the Soviet Union following a series of negotiations in Washington, D.C. with the Soviet Commissar for Foreign Affairs, Maxim Litvinov. -
New Deal
The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. It responded to needs for relief, reform, and recovery from the Great Depression. -
Good Neighbor Policy
A United States foreign policy doctrine, adopted by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, designed to improve relations with Latin America. A reaction to the exploitative dollar diplomacy of the early 1900s, the Good Neighbor policy encouraged interaction between the United States and Latin America as equals. -
20th Amendment
hat sets the dates at which federal (United States) government elected offices end. In also defines who succeeds the president if the president dies. This amendment was ratified on January 23, 1933. -
Civilian Conservation Corp.
was a voluntary public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men. Originally for young men ages 18–25, it was eventually expanded to ages 17–28. -
Tennessee Valley Authority
President Roosevelt signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act on May 18, 1933, creating the TVA as a Federal corporation. The new agency was asked to tackle important problems facing the valley, such as flooding, providing electricity to homes and businesses, and replanting forests. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is one of two agencies that provide deposit insurance to depositors in U.S. depository institutions, the other being the National Credit Union Administration, which regulates and insures credit unions -
1st Hundred Days
the beginning of a leading politician's term in office. For example, it is used to the beginning of the first term of a President of the United States. Examples: First 100 days of Franklin D. -
Securities & Exchange Commission
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is an independent agency of the United States federal government -
Neutrality Acts ’35, ’36, ’37, ‘39
The Neutrality Acts were laws passed in 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1939 to limit U.S. involvement in future wars. They were based on the widespread disillusionment with World War I in the early 1930s and the belief that the United States had been drawn into the war through loans and trade with the Allies. -
Social Security Act
Is a law enacted by the 74th United States Congress and signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The law created the Social Security program as well as insurance against unemployment. The law was part of Roosevelt's New Deal domestic program. -
Italy invades Ethiopia
The aim of invading Ethiopia was to boost Italian national prestige, which was wounded by Ethiopia's defeat of Italian forces at the Battle of Adowa in the nineteenth century (1896), which saved Ethiopia from Italian colonization -
Wagner Act
The Wagner Act, or the National Labor Relations Act, was a New Deal reform passed by President Franklin Roosevelt on July 5, 1935. It was instrumental in preventing employers from interfering with workers' unions and protests in the private sector. -
Court Packing Scheme
Roosevelt won a sweeping reelection victory. In the months following, Roosevelt proposed to reorganize the federal judiciary by adding a new justice each time a justice reached age seventy and failed to retire -
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War was caused by many factors, including major socio-economic problems, such as poverty and inequality. However, the on of the main causes was all sides' failure to compromise and to respect the rights and opinions of others. -
Quarantine Speech
Was given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on October 5, 1937 in Chicago, calling for an international "quarantine" against the "epidemic of world lawlessness" by aggressive -
Fair Labor Standards Act
is a federal law which establishes minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, record keeping, and child labor standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in federal, state, and local governments. -
Manhattan Project
was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. it started:1939 and Completed: December 31, 1946 -
The Grapes of Wrath
Is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939. The book won the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962. -
War Production Board
Was an agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II. -
Four Freedoms Speech
The four freedoms he outlined were freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear -
Lend-Lease Act
An Act to Promote the Defense of the United States, was a program under which the United States supplied the United Kingdom, Free France, the Republic of China, and later the Soviet Union and other Allied nations with food, oil, and materiel between 1941 and August 1945 -
Office of War Info.
Was a United States government agency created during World War II. -
Oil & steel embargo (Japan)
Responding to Japanese occupation of key airfields in Indochina (July 24) following an agreement between Japan and Vichy France, the U.S. froze Japanese assets on July 26, 1941, and on August 1 established an embargo on oil and gasoline exports to Japan. -
Atlantic Charter
Was a statement issued on 14 August 1941 that set out American and British goals for the period following the end of World War II -
Pearl Harbor attack
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise, preemptive military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, just before 08:00, on Sunday morning, December 7, 1941. -
Japanese internment
Camps were established during World War II by President Franklin Roosevelt through his Executive Order 9066.From 1942 to 1945, It was the policy of the U.S. government that people of Japanese descent would be interred in isolated -
Island-hopping
It was a military strategy used by the United States. It is where forces only concentrate their resources, setting up military forces/ supplies, on strategically important islands. -
Battle of Midway
six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor the battle of midway stated, it was a decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II that took place on 4–7 June 1942 -
Braceros program
Was a series of laws and diplomatic agreements, initiated on August 4, 1942, when the United States signed the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement with Mexico. -
Rosie the Riveter
cultural icon of World War II, representing the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies. -
Indian-Reorganization Act
measure enacted by the U.S. Congress, aimed at decreasing federal control of American Indian affairs and increasing Indian self-government and responsibility. -
Tehran Conference
It was a strategy meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from 28 November to 1 December 1943, after the Anglo-Soviet Invasion of Iran. It was held in the Soviet Union's embassy in Tehran, Iran. -
Korematsu v U.S.
Was a Supreme Court case that was decided on December 18, 1944, at the end of World War II. It involved the legality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered many Japanese-Americans to be placed in internment camps during the war -
D-DAY
Happened in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. -
Yalta Conference
The leaders of the Big Three met in February 1945 to discuss plans for the end of World War II and the future of the world. -
Holocaust
The murder of around six million Jews by the Nazi regime and their collaborators during the WWII. It started in 1941 and went through may 8th 1945. -
Potsdam Conference
It was the last of the World War II meetings held by the Joseph Stalin, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill “Big Three” heads of state. -
Hiroshima & Nagasaki
Two U.S nuclear weapons that went over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945. This helped reach Japans surrender. -
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Two U.S nuclear weapons that went over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945 -
Japan’s surrender
The Japanese surrendered in the end of World War II due to the United States Nuclear weapons that shocked Japan into defeat. -
United Nations
United Nations was founded in 10-24-1945 and their purpose is Maintaining worldwide peace and security. -
Cuban Revolt
An armed revolt which was led by Fidel Castro for Cubas independence, which overthrew the government of Fulgencio Batista. The revolt lasted five years and helped Cuba take a radical turn towards independence. -
NCLC
The National Consumer Law Center is an American nonprofit organization headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, specializing in consumer issues on behalf of low-income people. This helped improve americas economy. -
21st Amendment
The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited. -
21st Amendment
The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
