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"Iron law of wages"
The proposition that states the real wage of a laborer tends toward minimum wage, according to the needs of the workers. -
Sand Creek Massacre
The Americans destroyed both the Cheyenne and the Arapaho native American tribes in the American Indian War. -
Period: to
TP6
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Purchase of Alaska
Instigated by Steward, U.S. gained Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. -
Barbed Wire
Invented by Joseph Glidden in 1867. Used for fences to keep invaders out and assets in. -
Standard Oil
Largest oil refinery firm in the world. Founded by John D. Rockafeller. Company named "Standard Oil" after Rockafeller bought up every other oil company in the country so he could be the only competition. -
Vertical Integration
A system in which a specific supply chain of a company is owned by that company only. -
Horizontal Integration
Increasing production of goods on the same supply chain. -
Social Darwinism
Social ideas that reflect natural selection. Used to justify political and social reform in the name of Charles Darwin. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
Excluded Chinese laborers and immigrants from traveling to the US. Also prevented Chinese Nationals from gaining citizenship. -
Cattle Drives
Process of moving cattle from one place to another. -
Grange Movement
Founded to popularize agriculture and stress both the social and economic importance of having a sufficient agricultural system. -
RR Strike 1877
This occurred after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads cut wages for the 3rd time in a year. Laborers were furious and would not work until these price cuts were reverted back. -
Tuskegee Institute
Founded by Booker T. Washington. Focused on agricultural and social occupations of African-Americans. -
American RR Association
Railroad trading organization in the late 19th century. Represented railroading companies in trade exchanges, etc. -
TIme Zones
Beginning in 1883, all railroads began to use different but synchronized times: Pacific, Mountain, Central, and Eastern. -
AFL
A national federation of labor unions put together by unions all over the world. -
Interstate Commerce Act
Dealt with keeping railroads in check, prevented monopolies from forming within the industry. Not strictly enforced. -
Pullman Strike
Nationwide railroad strike and boycott that severely disrupted travel and trade via railroad. -
US Steel
J.P. Morgan merged 3 different steel companies to create U.S. Steel in 1901 for an amount equal to $15 billion in today's currency. -
Hull House
Settlement house founded by Jane Addams to shelter laborers living near their occupation.
