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Scientific Management
Developed by Frederick Taylor in 1913
Also known as Taylorism
Scientific Manangement deals with analyzing work flows and making them as efficient as possible.
Funtional Perspective. -
Principles of Coordination
Devloped by Mary Parker Follett.
Principles of Coordination focuses on a coordinated, cohesive environment. This theory supports the idea that employers should look out for their workers' well-being and should provide a cooperative atmosphere to keep a business running smoothly.
Meaning Centered -
Hawthorn Effect
Developed by Elton Mayo
Research started in 1927.
Mayo performed experiments in the Hawthorn plant. He experiemented with external factors he thought could have an effect on the workers in the plant. What he found was that the altering of the physical conditions in the plant weren't effecting productivity, but because the workers were aware they were being monitored they were performing more efficiently.
Meaning Centered -
Bureaucracy
Developed by Max Weber in 1947
Bureaucracy calls for a division of labor.
Relies heavily on rules and authority.
There is a chain of command and hierarchy of authority it a bureacratic model. Basically, there should be one person who contains the control over the company and the power
decreases from person to person as it goes down the chain of command.
Funtional Perspective
Functional Perspective -
Theory X and Theory Y
Developed by Douglas McGregor
Theory X - Management believe that employees are lazy and that they need to be closely monitored ar all times. Employees need to know they will be rewarded in order for them to have any work ethic.
Theory Y - Management believe that the employees have a strong work ethic and do not need to be supervised because they are ambitious in their work.
Meaning Centered -
Participative Management
Developed by Rensis Likert in 1961
This theory encourages employees from all levels of an organization to feel free to express their ideas or opinions of the company that may have an effect on them.
Meaning Centered -
Systems Approach
Developed by Daniel Katz and Robert Kahn
The systems approach looks at the "bigger picture" and focuses on input and outputs of a larger environment. In this theory more feedback input will result in greater output.
Meaning Centered/Emerging -
Cultural Approaches
-Organizational Culture Formation
-The Strong Cultural Perspective
-Subculture Perspective Cultural approaches are developed around the idea that the surrounding cultures influence the organization internally and externally.
Emerging -
Feminist Organizational Theories
Feminists Theories critique the standard gender assumptions. In organizations Men are viewed as raational while women are viewed as more emotional. In a worldview women are seen as less valuable in the workplace than men. Feminist Thoeries seek to understand the reasoning for this. Emerging -
Critical Theory
Critical Theory can be traced back to Carl Marx
Critical Theory seeks to understand the balance of power in relationships and organizaational life in modern society.
Emerging
